Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia.
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 17;22(14):7634. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147634.
Exacerbations largely determine the character of the progression and prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exacerbations are connected with changes in the microbiological landscape in the bronchi due to a violation of their immune homeostasis. Many metabolic and immune processes involved in COPD progression are associated with bacterial colonization of the bronchi. The objective of this review is the analysis of the molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism and immune response disorders in the lungs in COPD exacerbations. The complex role of lipid metabolism disorders in the pathogenesis of some infections is only beginning to be understood, however, there are already fewer and fewer doubts even now about its significance both in the pathogenesis of infectious exacerbations of COPD and in general in the progression of the disease. It is shown that the lipid rafts of the plasma membranes of cells are involved in many processes related to the detection of pathogens, signal transduction, the penetration of pathogens into the cell. Smoking disrupts the normally proceeded processes of lipid metabolism in the lungs, which is a part of the COPD pathogenesis.
加重期在很大程度上决定了慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的进展和预后特征。由于免疫动态平衡被打破，加重期会导致支气管微生物群发生变化。许多与 COPD 进展相关的代谢和免疫过程都与支气管细菌定植有关。本综述的目的是分析 COPD 加重期肺部脂质代谢和免疫反应紊乱的分子机制。脂质代谢紊乱在某些感染发病机制中的复杂作用才刚刚开始被理解，然而，即使在现在，人们对其在 COPD 感染加重发病机制以及疾病整体进展中的意义的怀疑也越来越少。研究表明，细胞质膜的脂筏参与了与病原体检测、信号转导、病原体侵入细胞等许多相关的过程。吸烟会破坏肺部正常的脂质代谢过程，这也是 COPD 发病机制的一部分。
