Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Cell Rep. 2021 Jul 27;36(4):109457. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109457.
Large-scale studies of human gut microbiomes have revealed broad differences in composition across geographically distinct populations. Yet, studies examining impacts of microbiome composition on various health outcomes typically focus on single populations, posing the question of whether compositional differences between populations translate into differences in susceptibility. Using germ-free mice humanized with microbiome samples from 30 donors representing three countries, we observe robust differences in susceptibility to Citrobacter rodentium, a model for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections, according to geographic origin. We do not see similar responses to Listeria monocytogenes infections. We further find that cohousing the most susceptible and most resistant mice confers protection from C. rodentium infection. This work underscores the importance of increasing global participation in microbiome studies related to health outcomes. Diverse cohorts are needed to identify both population-specific responses to specific microbiome interventions and to achieve broader-reaching biological conclusions that generalize across populations.
大规模的人类肠道微生物组研究揭示了地理位置不同的人群之间在组成上存在广泛差异。然而，研究肠道微生物组成对各种健康结果的影响通常集中在单一人群上，这就提出了一个问题，即人群之间的组成差异是否会转化为易感性的差异。我们使用来自三个国家的 30 个供体的微生物组样本对无菌小鼠进行人源化处理，根据地理来源，我们观察到对柠檬酸杆菌（一种肠致病性大肠杆菌感染的模型）易感性存在显著差异。我们没有观察到对李斯特菌感染的类似反应。我们进一步发现，将最易感和最不易感的小鼠共同饲养可以保护其免受柠檬酸杆菌感染。这项工作强调了增加与健康结果相关的微生物组研究的全球参与的重要性。需要多样化的队列来识别对特定微生物组干预的特定人群反应，并得出更广泛的生物学结论，这些结论可以推广到不同人群。
