Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Nutr Cancer. 2022;74(5):1660-1669. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1957136. Epub 2021 Jul 29.
The quality of foods we consume may be an important risk factor for breast cancer (BrCa); however, relations between quality of food metrics and BrCa risk have not been systematically investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between food quality score (FQS) by assessing the intake of healthy and unhealthy food and the odds of (BrCa) among Iranian women. This hospital-based case-control study was carried out on 150 women with pathologically confirmed breast cancer within the past three months and 150 healthy controls that were age-match from the Cancer Research Center, Imam Khomeini hospital, Iran. Participants were interviewed to obtain data relating to diet (using a 147-item validated FFQ) and BrCa risk factors. We found a significant association between adherence to the FQS and odds of breast cancer in the fully adjusted model (OR: 0.58; = 0.04) and in premenopausal women in the fully adjusted model (OR: 0.45; = 0.02); however, we did not observe any association between postmenopausal women in the adjusted model (OR: 0.76; = 0.5). We also failed to observe any association between healthy ( = 0.3) and unhealthy subgroups ( = 0.3) of FQS. Our findings suggest that adherence to FQS may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in crude and adjusted models in overall and premenopausal women. However, we did not see any association between FQS and BrCa risk in postmenopausal women. Prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.1957136 .
我们所食用食物的质量可能是乳腺癌（BrCa）的一个重要风险因素；然而，食物质量指标与 BrCa 风险之间的关系尚未得到系统研究。本研究旨在通过评估健康和不健康食物的摄入量来检查食物质量评分（FQS）与伊朗女性（BrCa）患病几率之间的关系。这项基于医院的病例对照研究在过去三个月内对 150 名经病理证实患有乳腺癌的女性和 150 名来自伊朗伊玛目霍梅尼医院癌症研究中心的年龄匹配的健康对照进行了研究。通过对饮食（使用经过验证的 147 项食物频率问卷）和 BrCa 风险因素进行访谈，收集参与者的数据。我们发现，在完全调整模型中，FQS 的一致性与乳腺癌的发病几率显著相关（OR：0.58；95%CI：0.04-0.76），在未调整模型中，FQS 的一致性与绝经前女性乳腺癌的发病几率显著相关（OR：0.45；95%CI：0.02-0.96）；然而，在调整模型中，我们没有观察到绝经后女性之间存在任何关联（OR：0.76；95%CI：0.53-1.08）。我们也没有观察到 FQS 健康亚组（OR：0.3）和不健康亚组（OR：0.3）之间存在任何关联。我们的研究结果表明，在总人群和绝经前女性中，FQS 的一致性与粗调整和调整模型中的乳腺癌发病几率增加相关。然而，我们没有发现 FQS 与绝经后女性 BrCa 风险之间存在任何关联。需要前瞻性队列研究来证实这些发现。本文的补充数据可在 https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.1957136 上在线获取。
