Mohatar-Barba Miriam, López-Olivares María, Fernández-Gómez Elisabet, Luque-Vara Trinidad, Linares-Manrique Marta, Enrique-Mirón Carmen
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, Calle Santander s/n, 52001 Melilla, Spain.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, Calle Santander s/n, 52001 Melilla, Spain.
Foods. 2022 Apr 14;11(8):1140. doi: 10.3390/foods11081140.
This study introduces an analysis for determining factors of diet quality among the Spanish adult population in North Africa with the aim of promoting healthier eating habits to prevent the development of diabetes mellitus. It is a diagnostic, non-experimental, cross-sectional and observational study, with a descriptive correlational methodology, with 201 participants from Ceuta and Melilla. The information collection has been carried out through the 24 h diet recall. Various sociodemographic factors influencing the quality of the diet have been analyzed. People from Melilla adopt a carbohydrate-rich diet ( = 0.004), whereas people from Ceuta have a lipid-rich diet ( = 0.002), particularly a high- monounsaturated-fat diet ( = 0.007). Muslims consume more sugar ( = 0.001) compared with Christians. Those working consume less carbohydrates ( = 0.13) than those not working. The latter consuming more fats ( = 0.39), and those with a higher education level show higher consumption of proteins ( = 0.001). The results of this study suggest that diet quality, in general, does not follow healthy recommendations established for the Spanish population, where the sugar consumption-diabetes relationship justifies the need for further research on Muslim population.
本研究开展了一项分析，以确定北非西班牙成年人群饮食质量的决定因素，旨在促进更健康的饮食习惯，预防糖尿病的发展。这是一项诊断性、非实验性、横断面观察性研究，采用描述性相关方法，研究对象为来自休达和梅利利亚的201名参与者。信息收集通过24小时饮食回顾进行。分析了各种影响饮食质量的社会人口学因素。来自梅利利亚的人饮食习惯富含碳水化合物（ = 0.004），而来自休达的人饮食习惯富含脂质（ = 0.002），尤其是富含单不饱和脂肪的饮食（ = 0.007）。与基督教徒相比，穆斯林摄入更多的糖（ = 0.001）。在职人员比非在职人员摄入更少的碳水化合物（ = 0.13）。后者摄入更多的脂肪（ = 0.39），且受教育程度较高的人蛋白质摄入量更高（ = 0.001）。本研究结果表明，总体而言，饮食质量未遵循为西班牙人群制定的健康建议，糖消费与糖尿病的关系表明有必要对穆斯林人群进行进一步研究。
