Karbasi Samira, Mohamadian Malihe, Naseri Mohsen, Yahya Hanafi-Bojd Mohammad, Khorasanchi Zahra, Morovatdar Negar, Zarban Asghar, Bahrami Afsane, Ferns Gordon A
Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Feb 24;23(1):126. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05400-3.
Breast milk (BM) is a complex fluid with a variable composition within women over time and between women in the population. The BM compositional differences are likely to be partly due to maternal dietary patterns. This study aimed to evaluate food quality score (FQS) in lactating mothers and its association with quality indicators of BM and antioxidant content of infant urine.
This cross-sectional study was undertaken in 350 lactating women aged 20 to 35 years. Data on dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) containing 65 food items. The FQS was calculated by integrating the scores obtained from healthy and unhealthy food groups. Subjects were categorized according to FQS adherence, with the greatest adherence being allocated to the third tertile and those with the lowest FQS in the first tertile. Antioxidant activity of the BM and infant urine samples was assessed using the Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), and Ellman's assay. The total content of BM protein, calcium, and triglyceride was measured using standard biochemical kits.
BM from mothers from the third tertile of FQS contained significantly higher DPPH, thiol, calcium, and protein levels compared to BM from those in the lowest tertile (p˂0.05). Infant urinary DPPH and FRAP was also significantly higher in the highest tertile vs. the lowest tertile (p˂0.05).
High maternal adherence to the FQS was associated with a high BM quality and antioxidant content of infant urine.
母乳是一种成分复杂的液体，随着时间推移，不同女性的母乳成分存在差异，且人群中不同女性的母乳成分也有所不同。母乳成分的差异可能部分归因于母亲的饮食模式。本研究旨在评估哺乳期母亲的食物质量评分（FQS）及其与母乳质量指标和婴儿尿液抗氧化剂含量的关联。
本横断面研究纳入了350名年龄在20至35岁的哺乳期妇女。使用一份经过验证的包含65种食物的食物频率问卷（FFQ）收集饮食摄入数据。通过整合从健康和不健康食物组获得的分数来计算FQS。根据FQS依从性对受试者进行分类，依从性最高的归为第三三分位数，FQS最低的归为第一三分位数。使用铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）、2,2'-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）、硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARs）和埃尔曼测定法评估母乳和婴儿尿液样本的抗氧化活性。使用标准生化试剂盒测量母乳中蛋白质、钙和甘油三酯的总含量。
与处于最低三分位数的母亲的母乳相比，处于FQS第三三分位数的母亲的母乳中DPPH、硫醇、钙和蛋白质水平显著更高（p˂0.05）。最高三分位数组婴儿尿液中的DPPH和FRAP也显著高于最低三分位数组（p˂0.05）。
母亲对FQS的高依从性与母乳的高质量以及婴儿尿液中的抗氧化剂含量相关。
