Rodrigues José, Rodrigues Filipe, Resende Rui, Espada Mário, Santos Fernando
Sport Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior, Portugal.
Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior, Portugal.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jul 13;12:705557. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.705557. eCollection 2021.
The purpose of this study was to present the reliability of three validated measures, namely the System of Analysis of Instruction in Competition, the Questionnaire on Coach Instructional Behavior Expectations, and the Questionnaire on Coach Instructional Behavior Perception that could be used in a mix-method approach.
Three instruments underwent a robust process of construct and reliability analysis. Inter- and intra-observer reliability was tested for the observational instrument using -agreement measure. Reliability values above 0.85 were considered as a good agreement between and within observers. To verify the internal consistency of the questionnaires, the correlation coefficients were considered.
The results related to intra-observer and inter-observer reliability showed that intra-observer reliability -agreement values ranged between 0.912 and 1 for observer 1, and 0.82 and 1 for observer 2. For inter-observer reliability, -agreement values ranged between 0.885 and 1 between observers. Thus, values for reliability are above acceptable. The correlation coefficient values recorded for the questionnaires on instruction expectations in the competitive moment were above 0.82 and significant ( < 0.05), and for the questionnaire on instruction perception in competition above 0.88 and significant ( < 0.05). The pilot study showed some divergent results across expectations, behavior during competition, and perception about the instruction behavior.
The observational system and the expectations and perceptions questionnaires, used in a complementary way, can be considered as a mix-method approach for studies aiming to examine coaches' competitive behavior.
本研究旨在呈现三种经过验证的测量方法的可靠性，即竞赛指导分析系统、教练指导行为期望问卷和教练指导行为感知问卷，这些方法可用于混合方法研究。
对三种工具进行了严格的结构和可靠性分析。使用一致性测量方法对观察工具进行观察者间和观察者内信度测试。信度值高于0.85被认为观察者之间和观察者内部具有良好的一致性。为验证问卷的内部一致性，考虑了相关系数。
与观察者内和观察者间信度相关的结果表明，观察者1的观察者内信度一致性值在0.912至1之间，观察者2的在0.82至1之间。对于观察者间信度，观察者之间的一致性值在0.885至1之间。因此，信度值高于可接受水平。竞赛时刻指导期望问卷的相关系数值高于0.82且具有显著性（<0.05），竞赛中指导感知问卷的相关系数值高于0.88且具有显著性（<0.05）。预试验显示，在期望、竞赛期间行为以及对指导行为的感知方面存在一些不同结果。
观察系统以及期望和感知问卷以互补方式使用，可被视为旨在研究教练竞赛行为的混合方法。
