Department of Family Sciences, University of Kentucky, 160 Funkhouser Dr, Lexington, KY, 40506-0054, USA.
Research Center for Toxic Compounds (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
Behav Genet. 2022 Jan;52(1):26-37. doi: 10.1007/s10519-021-10079-3. Epub 2021 Jul 31.
The current study focused on longitudinal effects of genetics and parental behaviors and their interplay on externalizing behaviors in a panel study following individuals from adolescence to young adulthood. The nationally representative sample of Add Health participants of European ancestry included N = 4142 individuals, measured on three occasions. Parenting was operationalized as experiences with child maltreatment and maternal closeness. Externalizing problems were operationalized as alcohol use, cannabis use, and antisocial behaviors. Genetic effects were operationalized as a polygenic score (PGS) of risky behaviors. The results showed significant effects for child maltreatment, maternal closeness, and PGS, above and beyond other factors and previous levels of externalizing behaviors. Furthermore, maternal closeness was found to negatively correlate with PGS. No significant interaction effects of parenting and PGS were found. The results underscore the joint independent effects of parenting and genetics on the change in externalizing behaviors from adolescence to young adulthood.
本研究关注的是遗传学和父母行为的纵向影响及其在个体从青春期到青年期的面板研究中的相互作用对外化行为的影响。这项具有全国代表性的 Add Health 参与者的研究样本包括欧洲血统的 4142 个人，在三个时间点进行了测量。养育方式被定义为儿童虐待和母亲亲密关系的经历。外化问题被定义为酒精使用、大麻使用和反社会行为。遗传效应被定义为危险行为的多基因评分（PGS）。结果表明，在其他因素和以前的外化行为水平之上，儿童虐待、母亲亲密关系和 PGS 都有显著的影响。此外，还发现母亲的亲密程度与 PGS 呈负相关。没有发现教养和 PGS 的显著交互作用。这些结果强调了教养和遗传对从青春期到青年期外化行为变化的共同独立影响。
