Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, 72 Gagarin Ave, Dnipro 49010, Ukraine.
Dnipro State Medical University, 9 Vernadsky Str., Dnipro 49044, Ukraine.
Dis Markers. 2021 Jul 19;2021:9945424. doi: 10.1155/2021/9945424. eCollection 2021.
Albumin is one of the most abundant proteins in the body of mammals: about 40% of its pool is located in the intravascular space and the remainder is found in the interstitial space. The content of this multifunctional protein in blood is about 60-65% of total plasma proteins. A decrease in its synthesis or changes of functional activity can destabilize oncotic blood pressure, cause a violation of transporting hormones, fatty acids, metals, and drugs. Albumin properties change under ischemic attacks associated with oxidative stress, production of reactive oxygen species, and acidosis. Under these conditions, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is generated that has a reduced metal-binding capacity, especially for transition metals, such as copper, nickel, and cobalt. The method of determining the cobalt-binding capability of HSA was initially proposed to evaluate IMA level and then licensed as an ACB test for routine clinical analysis for myocardial ischemia. Subsequent studies have shown the viability of the ACB test in diagnosing other diseases associated with the development of oxidative stress. This review examines recent data on IMA generation mechanisms, describes principles, advantages, and limitations of methods for evaluation of IMA levels, and provides detailed analysis of its use in diagnostic and monitoring therapeutic efficacy in different diseases.
其约 40%位于血管内空间，其余部分存在于间质空间。这种多功能蛋白质在血液中的含量约占总血浆蛋白的 60-65%。其合成减少或功能活性变化会破坏胶体渗透压，导致激素、脂肪酸、金属和药物转运的破坏。在与氧化应激、活性氧生成和酸中毒相关的缺血发作下，白蛋白的性质会发生变化。在这些条件下，会产生具有降低金属结合能力的缺血修饰白蛋白（IMA），特别是对过渡金属，如铜、镍和钴。最初提出测定 HSA 结合钴能力的方法是为了评估 IMA 水平，然后被许可作为用于常规临床分析心肌缺血的 ACB 测试。随后的研究表明，ACB 测试在诊断与氧化应激发展相关的其他疾病方面具有可行性。本文综述了 IMA 生成机制的最新数据，描述了评估 IMA 水平的方法的原理、优点和局限性，并对其在不同疾病中的诊断和监测治疗效果的应用进行了详细分析。
