Yang Yang, Liu Yadan, Liu Juan, Wang Haizhen, Guo Yulong, Du Min, Cai Chunbo, Zhao Yan, Lu Chang, Guo Xiaohong, Cao Guoqing, Duan Zhibian, Li Bugao, Gao Pengfei
College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu County, China.
Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 15;8:661671. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.661671. eCollection 2021.
Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota play an important role in promoting growth in piglets. However, studies on microbiota composition at various growth stages are lacking. We measured body weights of Jinfen White and Mashen piglets every 7 days and collected their fecal samples by rectal swabbing at nine time points during suckling (1-28 days) and nursery (35-70 days) stages to gain insight into microbiota variability during piglet growth. The fecal microbiota were characterized via 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the effects of microbial diversity on piglet growth and development preliminarily. The results showed that although the two breeds of piglets have similar body weights at birth, weaned Jinfen White piglets demonstrated a significantly greater body weight and daily weight gain than weaned Mashen piglets ( < 0.01). A total of 1,976 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 27 phyla and 489 genera were uncovered, in which the highest numbers of OTUs belong to the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. , and NK3B31 groups accounting for 12.4, 8.8, and 5.8% of OTUs, respectively, showed relatively high abundance at the genus level. Nine sampling time points were divided into three growth stages, namely, immediate postfarrowing (1 day old), suckling (7, 14, and 21 days old), and nursery (28, 35, 49, 63, and 70 days old), on the basis of the results of microbial diversity, principal coordinate, and co-occurrence network analyses. In addition, it identified 54 discriminative features in the microbiota between two breeds of piglets by LEfSe analysis, in which 17 genera enriched the microbiota community of Jinfen White piglets. Finally, abundances of 29 genera showed significant positive correlations with body weights and daily weight gain of piglets. Conversely, abundances of 12 genera demonstrated significant negative correlations with body weights of piglets. The results of our study will provide a theoretical basis for succession patterns in fecal microbiota of piglets and suggest the need for meticulous management of piglets in pig production.
胃肠道（GI）微生物群在促进仔猪生长方面发挥着重要作用。然而，目前缺乏对不同生长阶段微生物群组成的研究。我们每隔7天测量一次金粉白猪和马身猪仔猪的体重，并在哺乳阶段（1 - 28天）和保育阶段（35 - 70天）的九个时间点通过直肠拭子收集它们的粪便样本，以深入了解仔猪生长过程中微生物群的变异性。通过16S rRNA基因测序对粪便微生物群进行表征，以初步分析微生物多样性对仔猪生长发育的影响。结果表明，尽管这两个品种的仔猪出生时体重相似，但断奶后的金粉白猪仔猪体重和日增重明显高于断奶后的马身猪仔猪（<0.01）。共发现1976个可操作分类单元（OTU），分属于27个门和489个属，其中OTU数量最多的属于厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门。在属水平上，分别占OTU的12.4%、8.8%和5.8%的 、 和NK3B31组显示出相对较高的丰度。根据微生物多样性、主坐标和共现网络分析结果，将九个采样时间点分为三个生长阶段，即产后即刻（1日龄）、哺乳（7、14和21日龄）和保育（28、35、49、63和70日龄）。此外，通过LEfSe分析确定了两个品种仔猪微生物群中的54个判别特征，其中17个属丰富了金粉白猪仔猪的微生物群群落。最后，29个属的丰度与仔猪体重和日增重呈显著正相关。相反，12个属的丰度与仔猪体重呈显著负相关。我们的研究结果将为仔猪粪便微生物群的演替模式提供理论依据，并表明在养猪生产中需要对仔猪进行精心管理。
