Eras Pien, Simões-Wüst Ana Paula, Thijs Carel
Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Clinic Arlesheim, Research Department, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Jul 9;10(7):837. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10070837.
Alternative lifestyles are likely to be associated with distinct usage of specific medicinal products. Our goal was to find out whether the intake of antibiotics during pregnancy and by children differs according to whether the mothers have alternative or conventional lifestyles. Therefore, we investigated the use of antibiotics by pregnant women and by children up to 11 years of age participating in the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. This cohort comprises two recruitment groups of mother-infant pairs, one with alternative lifestyles (selected via organic food shops, anthroposophic clinicians and midwives, anthroposophic under-five clinics, Rudolf Steiner schools and relevant magazines, = 491) the other with conventional lifestyles (no selection based on lifestyle, = 2343). Mothers in the alternative lifestyle group more frequently adhered to specific living rules and identified themselves with anthroposophy more than mothers in the conventional lifestyle group. The results revealed significant differences in antibiotic use during pregnancy and in children from 3 months to 10 years of age between the two groups. The rate of antibiotic use in children was consistently lower in the alternative lifestyle group than in the conventional lifestyle group. Antibiotic use in pregnancy was higher in low educated women, and maternal antibiotic use during lactation was higher after an instrumented delivery in hospital. Antibiotic use in the infant was higher when they had older sibs or were born in hospital, and lower in those who had been longer breastfed. After adjustment for these factors, the differences in antibiotic use between the alternative and conventional groups remained. The results suggest that an alternative lifestyle is associated with cautious antibiotic use during pregnancy, lactation and in children.
另类生活方式可能与特定药品的不同使用情况相关。我们的目标是查明，根据母亲是采用另类还是传统生活方式，孕期及儿童期抗生素的摄入量是否存在差异。因此，我们调查了参与考拉出生队列研究的孕妇及11岁以下儿童的抗生素使用情况。该队列包括两组母婴对招募群体，一组具有另类生活方式（通过有机食品店、人智学临床医生和助产士、人智学五岁以下儿童诊所、鲁道夫·斯坦纳学校及相关杂志选取，n = 491），另一组具有传统生活方式（不基于生活方式进行选择，n = 2343）。与传统生活方式组的母亲相比，另类生活方式组的母亲更频繁地遵守特定生活规则，且更认同人智学。结果显示，两组在孕期及3个月至10岁儿童的抗生素使用方面存在显著差异。另类生活方式组儿童的抗生素使用率始终低于传统生活方式组。低学历女性孕期的抗生素使用率较高，在医院进行器械助产分娩后，母亲在哺乳期的抗生素使用率较高。婴儿有年长同胞或在医院出生时抗生素使用率较高，而母乳喂养时间较长的婴儿抗生素使用率较低。在对这些因素进行调整后，另类组与传统组之间的抗生素使用差异仍然存在。结果表明，另类生活方式与孕期、哺乳期及儿童期谨慎使用抗生素有关。
