Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Zhenjiang Municipal Key Laboratory of High Technology for Basic and Translational Research on Exosomes, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2021 Dec;179:113910. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113910. Epub 2021 Aug 3.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown significant promises as nano-/micro-size carriers in drug delivery and bioimaging. With more characteristics of EVs explored through tremendous research efforts, their unmatched physicochemical properties, biological features, and mechanical aspects make them unique vehicles, owning exceptional pharmacokinetics, circulatory metabolism and biodistribution pattern when delivering theranostic cargoes. In this review we firstly analyzed pros and cons of the EVs as a delivery platform. Secondly, compared to engineered nanoparticle delivery systems, such as biocompatible di-block co-polymers, rational design to improve EVs (exosomes in particular) were elaborated. Lastly, different pharmaceutical loading approaches into EVs were compared, reaching a conclusion on how to construct a clinically available and effective nano-/micro-carrier for a satisfactory medical mission.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 作为药物递送和生物成像的纳米/微尺寸载体，具有显著的应用前景。通过大量的研究努力，人们发现了更多 EVs 的特性，其无与伦比的物理化学特性、生物学特性和力学特性使它们成为独特的载体，在递呈治疗性载药时具有独特的药代动力学、循环代谢和生物分布模式。在这篇综述中，我们首先分析了 EVs 作为递送平台的优缺点。其次，与工程纳米颗粒递送系统（如生物相容性两亲共聚物）相比，我们详细阐述了对 EVs（特别是外泌体）进行合理设计以提高其性能的方法。最后，我们比较了不同的药物装载方法进入 EVs 的方法，并得出了如何构建一种临床可用且有效的纳米/微载体以实现令人满意的医学任务的结论。
