Lee Yeon-Hee, Chung Sang Wan, Auh Q-Schick, Hong Seung-Jae, Lee Yeon-Ah, Jung Junho, Lee Gi-Ja, Park Hae Jeong, Shin Seung-Il, Hong Ji-Youn
Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, #613 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Jul 16;11(7):1283. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11071283.
The human oral microbiome refers to an ecological community of symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms found in the oral cavity. The oral cavity is an environment that provides various biological niches, such as the teeth, tongue, and oral mucosa. The oral cavity is the gateway between the external environment and the human body, maintaining oral homeostasis, protecting the mouth, and preventing disease. On the flip side, the oral microbiome also plays an important role in the triggering, development, and progression of oral and systemic diseases. In recent years, disease diagnosis through the analysis of the human oral microbiome has been realized with the recent development of innovative detection technology and is overwhelmingly promising compared to the previous era. It has been found that patients with oral and systemic diseases have variations in their oral microbiome compared to normal subjects. This narrative review provides insight into the pathophysiological role that the oral microbiome plays in influencing oral and systemic diseases and furthers the knowledge related to the oral microbiome produced over the past 30 years. A wide range of updates were provided with the latest knowledge of the oral microbiome to help researchers and clinicians in both academic and clinical aspects. The microbial community information can be utilized in non-invasive diagnosis and can help to develop a new paradigm in precision medicine, which will benefit human health in the era of post-metagenomics.
人类口腔微生物群是指在口腔中发现的共生和致病微生物的生态群落。口腔是一个提供各种生态位的环境，如牙齿、舌头和口腔黏膜。口腔是外部环境与人体之间的通道，维持口腔内环境稳定，保护口腔并预防疾病。另一方面，口腔微生物群在口腔和全身疾病的引发、发展和进展中也起着重要作用。近年来，随着创新检测技术的发展，通过分析人类口腔微生物群进行疾病诊断已成为现实，与过去相比前景十分广阔。已发现患有口腔和全身疾病的患者与正常受试者相比，其口腔微生物群存在差异。这篇叙述性综述深入探讨了口腔微生物群在影响口腔和全身疾病方面所起的病理生理作用，并进一步丰富了过去30年中有关口腔微生物群的知识。本文提供了有关口腔微生物群最新知识的广泛更新内容，以在学术和临床方面帮助研究人员和临床医生。微生物群落信息可用于非侵入性诊断，并有助于开创精准医学的新范式，这将在后宏基因组学时代造福人类健康。
