电动自行车、自行车和摩托车事故损伤模式的比较
Comparison of Injury Patterns between Electric Bicycle, Bicycle and Motorcycle Accidents.
作者信息
Spörri Emilian, Halvachizadeh Sascha, Gamble Jamison G, Berk Till, Allemann Florin, Pape Hans-Christoph, Rauer Thomas
机构信息
Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George, Grenada.
出版信息
J Clin Med. 2021 Jul 29;10(15):3359. doi: 10.3390/jcm10153359.
BACKGROUND
Electric bicycles (E-bikes) are an increasingly popular means of transport, and have been designed for a higher speed comparable to that of small motorcycles. Accident statistics show that E-bikes are increasingly involved in traffic accidents. To test the hypothesis of whether accidents involving E-bikes bear more resemblance to motorcycle accidents than conventional bicyclists, this study evaluates the injury pattern and severity of E-bike injuries in direct comparison to injuries involving motorcycle and bicycle accidents.
METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, the data of 1796 patients who were treated at a Level I Trauma Center between 2009 and 2018 due to traffic accident, involving bicycles, E-bikes or motorcycles, were evaluated and compared with regard to injury patterns and injury severity. Accident victims treated as inpatients at least 16 years of age or older were included in this study. Pillion passengers and outpatients were excluded.
RESULTS
The following distribution was found in the individual groups: 67 E-bike, 1141 bicycle and 588 motorcycle accidents. The injury pattern of E-bikers resembled that of bicyclists much more than that of motorcyclists. The patients with E-bike accidents were almost 14 years older and had a higher incidence of moderate traumatic brain injuries than patients with bicycle accidents, in spite of the fact that E-bike riders were nearly twice as likely to wear a helmet as compared to bicycle riders. The rate of pelvic injuries in E-bike accidents was twice as high compared with bicycle accidents, whereas the rate of upper extremity injuries was higher following bicycle accidents. The overall E-bike injury pattern is similar to that of cyclists. The differences in the injury pattern to motorcycle accidents could be due to the higher speeds at the time of the accident, the different protection and vehicle architecture. What is striking, however, is the higher age and the increased craniocerebral trauma of the E-bikers involved in accidents compared to the cyclists. We speculate that older and untrained people who have a slower reaction time and less control over the E-bike could benefit from head protection or practical courses similar to motorcyclists.
背景
电动自行车（E-bikes）是一种越来越受欢迎的交通工具，其设计速度与小型摩托车相当。事故统计数据显示，电动自行车越来越多地卷入交通事故。为了验证涉及电动自行车的事故与摩托车事故相比是否比传统自行车事故更相似这一假设，本研究直接对比电动自行车事故、摩托车事故和自行车事故中的损伤模式及损伤严重程度，对电动自行车损伤情况进行评估。
方法
在这项回顾性队列研究中，对2009年至2018年期间在一级创伤中心因交通事故（涉及自行车、电动自行车或摩托车）接受治疗的1796例患者的数据进行了评估，并就损伤模式和损伤严重程度进行了比较。本研究纳入了至少16岁及以上的住院事故受害者。后座乘客和门诊患者被排除在外。
结果
各分组情况如下：电动自行车事故67起，自行车事故1141起，摩托车事故588起。电动自行车骑行者的损伤模式与自行车骑行者的损伤模式更为相似，而与摩托车骑行者的损伤模式差异较大。电动自行车事故患者的年龄比自行车事故患者大近14岁，中度创伤性脑损伤的发生率也更高，尽管电动自行车骑行者佩戴头盔的可能性几乎是自行车骑行者的两倍。电动自行车事故中骨盆损伤的发生率是自行车事故的两倍，而自行车事故后上肢损伤的发生率更高。电动自行车的总体损伤模式与骑自行车者相似。与摩托车事故损伤模式的差异可能是由于事故发生时速度较高、防护措施不同以及车辆结构不同。然而，引人注目的是，与骑自行车者相比，电动自行车事故中的骑行者年龄更大，颅脑创伤增加。我们推测，反应较慢且对电动自行车控制能力较差的年长者和未受过训练的人可能会从头部保护或类似于摩托车骑行者的实践课程中受益。
Zotero 插件