Liboredo Juliana Costa, Anastácio Lucilene Rezende, Ferreira Lívia Garcia, Oliveira Lívya Alves, Della Lucia Ceres Mattos
Department of Food, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Food Science, Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Front Nutr. 2021 Jul 26;8:704619. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.704619. eCollection 2021.
The study aimed to assess the eating behavior [uncontrolled eating (UE), emotional eating (EE), and cognitive restraint (CR)], the perceived stress, and independently associated factors among Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted and data about 1,368 participants were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to identify factors independently associated (socioeconomic, lifestyle, and eating habits data) with eating behaviors and perceived stress. Working in the COVID-19 frontline (OR = 2.19), increased food delivery (OR = 1.49), increased food intake (OR = 1.48), increased number of meals (OR = 1.13), and EE (OR = 1.05) were factors independently associated with UE. Variables that were independently associated with EE were: increased food intake (OR = 2.57), graduation in a non-health-related course (OR = 1.78), perceived stress (OR = 1.08), UE (OR = 1.07), and CR (OR = 1.02). Reduced snacking (OR = 2.08), female gender (OR = 1.47), having a higher degree (OR = 1.44), increased homemade meals (OR = 1.31), the higher difference in the frequency of instant meals and snacks intake (OR = 0.91), EE (OR = 1.01), not increased alcohol dose intake (OR = 0.57), and increased physical activity (OR = 0.54) were independently associated with CR. Perceived stress was independently associated with changes in the way of working or studying (OR = 2.48), worse sleep quality (OR = 2.22), younger age (OR = 1.06), and EE (OR = 1.02). This study indicates that socioeconomic variables, lifestyle, and eating habits were independently associated with the eating behaviors of Brazilians and perceived stress during the quarantine.
该研究旨在评估巴西人在新冠疫情期间的饮食行为[无节制饮食(UE)、情绪化饮食(EE)和认知抑制(CR)]、感知压力及独立相关因素。开展了一项在线调查,并对1368名参与者的数据进行了评估。采用多变量逻辑回归模型来确定与饮食行为和感知压力独立相关的因素(社会经济、生活方式和饮食习惯数据)。在新冠疫情一线工作(比值比=2.19)、食品配送增加(比值比=1.49)、食物摄入量增加(比值比=1.48)、用餐次数增加(比值比=1.13)以及情绪化饮食(比值比=1.05)是与无节制饮食独立相关的因素。与情绪化饮食独立相关的变量有:食物摄入量增加(比值比=2.57)、非健康相关专业毕业(比值比=1.78)、感知压力(比值比=1.08)、无节制饮食(比值比=1.07)以及认知抑制(比值比=1.02)。减少吃零食(比值比=2.08)、女性(比值比=1.47)、学历较高(比值比=1.44)、自制餐食增加(比值比=1.31)、即食食品和零食摄入频率差异较大(比值比=0.91)、情绪化饮食(比值比=1.01)、酒精摄入量未增加(比值比=0.57)以及身体活动增加(比值比=0.54)与认知抑制独立相关。感知压力与工作或学习方式的改变(比值比=2.48)、睡眠质量较差(比值比=2.22)、年龄较小(比值比=1.06)以及情绪化饮食(比值比=1.02)独立相关。这项研究表明,社会经济变量、生活方式和饮食习惯与巴西人在隔离期间的饮食行为和感知压力独立相关。