State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Plant Biotechnol J. 2022 Feb;20(2):256-282. doi: 10.1111/pbi.13682. Epub 2021 Aug 25.
Soybean is one of the most important oilseed and fodder crops. Benefiting from the efforts of soybean breeders and the development of breeding technology, large number of germplasm has been generated over the last 100 years. Nevertheless, soybean breeding needs to be accelerated to meet the needs of a growing world population, to promote sustainable agriculture and to address future environmental changes. The acceleration is highly reliant on the discoveries in gene functional studies. The release of the reference soybean genome in 2010 has significantly facilitated the advance in soybean functional genomics. Here, we review the research progress in soybean omics (genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics and proteomics), germplasm development (germplasm resources and databases), gene discovery (genes that are responsible for important soybean traits including yield, flowering and maturity, seed quality, stress resistance, nodulation and domestication) and transformation technology during the past decade. At the end, we also briefly discuss current challenges and future directions.
大豆是最重要的油料作物和饲料作物之一。得益于大豆育种家和育种技术的发展，在过去的 100 年中产生了大量的种质资源。然而，为了满足不断增长的世界人口的需求，为了促进可持续农业和应对未来的环境变化，大豆的培育需要加速。这一加速在很大程度上依赖于基因功能研究的发现。2010 年参考大豆基因组的发布极大地促进了大豆功能基因组学的发展。在这里，我们回顾了过去十年中大豆组学（基因组学、转录组学、表观基因组学和蛋白质组学）、种质资源开发（种质资源和数据库）、基因发现（与产量、开花和成熟、种子质量、抗逆性、结瘤和驯化等重要大豆性状相关的基因）和转化技术方面的研究进展。最后，我们还简要讨论了当前的挑战和未来的方向。
