Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A-STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore.
Chem Soc Rev. 2021 Sep 20;50(18):10087-10115. doi: 10.1039/d1cs00236h.
The advent of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) has led to an extensive amount of interest amongst scientists and engineers alike and an intensive amount of research has brought about major breakthroughs in the electronic and optical properties of 2D materials. This in turn has generated considerable interest in novel device applications. With the polymorphic structural features of 2D-TMDs, this class of materials can exhibit both semiconducting and metallic (quasi-metallic) properties in their respective phases. This polymorphic property further increases the interest in 2D-TMDs both in fundamental research and for their potential utilization in novel high-performance device applications. In this review, we highlight the unique structural properties of few-layer and monolayer TMDs in the metallic 1T- and quasi-metallic 1T'-phases, and how these phases dictate their electronic and optical properties. An overview of the semiconducting-to-(quasi)-metallic phase transition of 2D-TMD systems will be covered along with a discussion on the phase transition mechanisms. The current development in the applications of (quasi)-metallic 2D-TMDs will be presented ranging from high-performance electronic and optoelectronic devices to energy storage, catalysis, piezoelectric and thermoelectric devices, and topological insulator and neuromorphic computing applications. We conclude our review by highlighting the challenges confronting the utilization of TMD-based systems and projecting the future developmental trends with an outlook of the progress needed to propel this exciting field forward.
二维过渡金属二硫属化物（2D-TMDs）的出现引起了科学家和工程师们的广泛关注，大量的研究带来了 2D 材料电子和光学性质的重大突破。这反过来又引起了人们对新型器件应用的极大兴趣。由于 2D-TMDs 的多型结构特征，这类材料在各自的相中既可以表现出半导体特性，也可以表现出金属（准金属）特性。这种多型特性进一步增加了人们对 2D-TMDs 的兴趣，无论是在基础研究方面，还是在它们在新型高性能器件应用中的潜在利用方面。在这篇综述中，我们强调了少数层和单层 TMDs 在金属 1T-和准金属 1T'-相中独特的结构特性，以及这些相如何决定它们的电子和光学特性。我们将涵盖 2D-TMD 系统从半导体到（准）金属相转变的概述，并讨论相变机制。我们将介绍（准）金属 2D-TMD 的应用的最新进展，范围从高性能电子和光电子器件到能量存储、催化、压电和热电器件，以及拓扑绝缘体和神经形态计算应用。最后，我们通过强调基于 TMD 的系统在利用方面面临的挑战，并预测未来的发展趋势，展望推动这一令人兴奋的领域向前发展所需的进展，来结束我们的综述。
