Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
Addict Behav. 2021 Dec;123:107079. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107079. Epub 2021 Aug 8.
Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use (SAM) may be linked to both short- and longer-term problems for young adults. Across two years of longitudinal data, we examined between- and monthly within-person associations of alcohol and marijuana use patterns, including SAM, with negative alcohol-related consequences, depressive symptoms, and general health.
773 young adults (aged 18-23 at screening; 56% women) who used alcohol in the year prior to study enrollment were surveyed monthly for 24 months. Multilevel models assessed associations of alcohol and marijuana use patterns with outcomes.
Individuals who reported a higher proportion of SAM months had more negative alcohol-related consequences (Rate Ratio [RR] = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.17,1.89). At the within-person level, participants experienced more alcohol-related consequences on months when SAM was reported compared to months of alcohol-only (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.10,1.25) and months of concurrent alcohol and marijuana use without simultaneous use (CAM; RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.11,1.29). Compared to alcohol-only, SAM was associated with more depressive symptoms and poorer general health at the between-person level and with more depressive symptoms at the monthly within-person level; however, SAM did not differ substantially from using neither alcohol nor marijuana or CAM for these outcomes at either the between- or within-person level.
SAM use may indicate risk for negative alcohol-related consequences, both within months of SAM use and across more extended time periods. Individuals who engage in SAM may experience worse mental and physical health than individuals who use alcohol exclusively.
同时饮酒和使用大麻（SAM）可能与年轻人的短期和长期问题都有关联。在两年的纵向数据中，我们研究了酒精和大麻使用模式（包括 SAM）之间以及每月的个体内在关联，以及这些模式与负面的酒精相关后果、抑郁症状和总体健康之间的关系。
773 名在研究入组前一年内使用过酒精的年轻人（筛查时年龄在 18-23 岁；56%为女性）每月接受 24 个月的调查。多层次模型评估了酒精和大麻使用模式与结果之间的关联。
报告 SAM 月数比例较高的个体，其负面的酒精相关后果更多（比率比 [RR] = 1.49，95%置信区间：1.17，1.89）。在个体内在层面上，与仅饮酒的月份（RR = 1.17，95%置信区间：1.10，1.25）和没有同时使用的同时饮酒和使用大麻的月份（CAM；RR = 1.20，95%置信区间：1.11，1.29）相比，SAM 报告的月份参与者经历了更多的酒精相关后果。与仅饮酒相比，SAM 在个体间水平上与更多的抑郁症状和较差的总体健康相关，在个体内在的每月水平上与更多的抑郁症状相关；然而，在个体间和个体内在水平上，SAM 与既不饮酒也不使用大麻或 CAM 的情况相比，并没有在这些结果上有明显的差异。
SAM 的使用可能表明与负面的酒精相关后果有关，无论是在 SAM 使用的月份内还是在更长的时间内。与仅饮酒的人相比，使用 SAM 的个体可能会经历更差的心理健康和身体健康。
