College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2021 Sep;222:112282. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112282. Epub 2021 Aug 8.
Emerging evidence suggests that blue light has the potential to inactivate viruses. Therefore, we investigated the effect of 405 nm, 410 nm, 425 nm and 450 nm pulsed blue light (PBL) on human alpha coronavirus HCoV-229 E and human beta coronavirus HCoV-OC43, using Qubit fluorometry and RT-LAMP to quantitate the amount of nucleic acid in irradiated and control samples. Like SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 are single stranded RNA viruses transmitted by air and direct contact; they have similar genomic sizes as SARS-CoV-2, and are used as surrogates for SARS-CoV-2. Irradiation was carried out either at 32.4 J cm using 3 mW cm irradiance or at 130 J cm using 12 mW cm irradiance. Results: (1) At each wavelength tested, PBL was antiviral against both coronaviruses. (2) 405 nm light gave the best result, yielding 52.3% (2.37 log) inactivation against HCoV-OC43 (p < .0001), and a significant 1.46 log (44%) inactivation of HCoV-229E (p < .01). HCoV-OC43, which like SARS-CoV-2 is a beta coronavirus, was more susceptible to PBL irradiation than alpha coronavirus HCoV-229E. The latter finding suggests that PBL is potentially antiviral against multiple coronavirus strains, and that, while its potency may vary from one virus to another, it seems more antiviral against beta coronaviruses, such as HCoV-OC43. (3) Further, the antiviral effect of PBL was better at a higher irradiance than a lower irradiance, and this indicates that with further refinement, a protocol capable of yielding 100% inactivation of viruses is attainable.
新出现的证据表明，蓝光有可能使病毒失活。因此，我们使用 Qubit 荧光计和 RT-LAMP 来定量检测照射和对照样本中的核酸量，研究了 405nm、410nm、425nm 和 450nm 脉冲蓝光（PBL）对人甲型冠状病毒 HCoV-229E 和人乙型冠状病毒 HCoV-OC43 的作用。与 SARS-CoV-2 一样，HCoV-229E 和 HCoV-OC43 都是通过空气和直接接触传播的单链 RNA 病毒；它们的基因组大小与 SARS-CoV-2 相似，被用作 SARS-CoV-2 的替代品。照射分别在 3mW/cm 的 32.4J/cm 辐照度或 12mW/cm 的 130J/cm 辐照度下进行。结果：（1）在测试的每个波长下，PBL 对两种冠状病毒均具有抗病毒作用。（2）405nm 光的效果最好，对 HCoV-OC43 的灭活率为 52.3%（2.37log）（p<0.0001），对 HCoV-229E 的灭活率显著提高 1.46log（44%）（p<0.01）。与 SARS-CoV-2 一样，HCoV-OC43 是一种乙型冠状病毒，比甲型冠状病毒 HCoV-229E 对 PBL 照射更敏感。这一发现表明，PBL 可能对多种冠状病毒株具有抗病毒作用，虽然其效力可能因病毒株而异，但它似乎对乙型冠状病毒（如 HCoV-OC43）更具抗病毒作用。（3）此外，PBL 的抗病毒作用在较高辐照度下优于较低辐照度，这表明通过进一步改进，可以实现使病毒达到 100%灭活的方案。
