Burns Rachel, Zhang Claire X, Patel Parth, Eley Ida, Campos-Matos Ines, Aldridge Robert W
Centre of Public Health Data Science, Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, 222 Euston Road, London NW1 2DA, United Kingdom.
Public Health England, Wellington House, 133-155 Waterloo Rd, South Bank, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom.
J Migr Health. 2021 Jul 7;4:100061. doi: 10.1016/j.jmh.2021.100061. eCollection 2021.
One in seven people living in the United Kingdom (UK) is an international migrant, rendering migrants an important population group with diverse and dynamic health and healthcare needs. However, there has been no attempt to map contemporary trends within migration health research conducted in the UK. The aim of this scoping review was to describe trends within migration health research and identify gaps for future research agendas.
PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for empirical research with a primary focus on the concepts "health" and "migrants" published between 2001 and 2019. Findings were analysed using the UCL- Commission on Migration and Health Conceptual Framework for Migration and Health.
In total, 399 studies were included, with almost half (41.1%; 164/399) published in the last five years of the study period between 2015 and 2019 and a third (34.1%; 136/399) conducted in London. Studies included asylum seekers (14.8%; 59/399), refugees (12.3%; 49/399), and undocumented migrants or migrants with insecure status (3.5%; 14/399), but most articles (74.9%; 299/399) did not specify a migrant sub-group. The most studied health topics were specific disease outcomes such as infectious diseases (24.1% of studies) and mental health (19.1%) compared to examining systems or structures that impact health (27.8%), access to healthcare (26.3%), or specific exposures or behaviours (35.3%).
There has been a growing interest in migration health. Ensuring a diverse geographic distribution of research conducted in the UK and disaggregation by migrant sub-group is required for a nuanced and region-specific understanding of specific health needs, interventions and appropriate service delivery for different migrant populations. More research is needed to understand how migration policy and legislation intersect with both the social determinants of health and access to healthcare to shape the health of migrants in the UK.
在英国，每七个人中就有一个是国际移民，这使得移民成为一个重要的人群，他们有着多样化且不断变化的健康和医疗需求。然而，此前尚未有人尝试梳理英国开展的移民健康研究的当代趋势。本范围综述的目的是描述移民健康研究的趋势，并确定未来研究议程的空白。
对PubMed和Embase进行系统检索，以查找2001年至2019年间发表的主要关注“健康”和“移民”概念的实证研究。使用伦敦大学学院移民与健康委员会的移民与健康概念框架对研究结果进行分析。
共纳入399项研究，其中近一半（41.1%；164/399）在2015年至2019年研究期的最后五年发表，三分之一（34.1%；136/399）在伦敦开展。研究对象包括寻求庇护者（14.8%；59/399）、难民（12.3%；49/399）以及无证移民或身份不安全的移民（3.5%；14/399），但大多数文章（74.9%；299/399）未明确移民亚组。与研究影响健康的系统或结构（27.8%）、获得医疗服务的机会（26.3%）或特定暴露或行为（35.3%）相比，研究最多的健康主题是特定疾病结果，如传染病（占研究的24.1%）和心理健康（19.1%）。
人们对移民健康的兴趣日益浓厚。为了对不同移民群体的特定健康需求、干预措施和适当的服务提供有细致入微且针对特定地区的理解，需要确保英国开展的研究具有多样化的地理分布，并按移民亚组进行分类。需要开展更多研究，以了解移民政策和立法如何与健康的社会决定因素以及获得医疗服务的机会相互作用，从而影响英国移民的健康状况。
