Prommaban Adchara, Kuanchoom Ratthida, Seepuan Natthidaporn, Chaiyana Wantida
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Jul 31;10(8):1582. doi: 10.3390/plants10081582.
Pumpkin seed oil is a by-product, abundant in nutrients and bioactive components that promote several health benefits. This study aimed to compare chemical compositions, antioxidant, and pharmacological activities of pumpkin seed oils extracted from Duch. Ex Poir. (PSO1) and (Japanese pumpkin) (PSO2) by aqueous enzymatic extraction. An enzyme mixture consisting of pectinase, cellulase, and protease (1:1:1) was used in the enzymatic extraction process. Fatty acid composition of the oils was determined using fatty acid methyl ester/gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity assays were measured by using stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, radical cation 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate, ferric reducing/antioxidant power, and ferric thiocyanate assay. Inhibition of enzymes involving skin aging and whitening process was investigated. Linoleic acid was a major component of all pumpkin seed oils. Additionally, there was also a significant amount of oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid detected. PSO2 possessed the highest antioxidant activities compared to PSO1 and commercial pumpkin seed oils (COM1 and COM2). Both PSO1 and PSO2 exhibited higher inhibitory effects on hyaluronidase, collagenase, and tyrosinase than the commercials. Therefore, aqueous enzymatic extraction could yield pumpkin seed oils with higher antioxidant, anti-aging, and whitening activities. This is beneficial for further pharmacological studies and can be used as a functional food for skin benefits.
南瓜籽油是一种副产品，富含营养成分和生物活性成分，具有多种健康益处。本研究旨在比较通过水酶法从南瓜（Duch. Ex Poir.）（PSO1）和倭瓜（日本南瓜）（PSO2）中提取的南瓜籽油的化学成分、抗氧化和药理活性。在酶促提取过程中使用了由果胶酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶（1:1:1）组成的酶混合物。采用脂肪酸甲酯/气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定油中的脂肪酸组成。通过使用稳定自由基二苯代苦味酰基肼、自由基阳离子2,2'-偶氮双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)、铁还原/抗氧化能力和硫氰酸铁测定法来测量抗氧化活性。研究了对涉及皮肤老化和美白过程的酶的抑制作用。亚油酸是所有南瓜籽油的主要成分。此外，还检测到大量的油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸。与PSO1和市售南瓜籽油（COM1和COM2）相比，PSO2具有最高的抗氧化活性。PSO1和PSO2对透明质酸酶、胶原酶和酪氨酸酶的抑制作用均高于市售产品。因此，水酶法提取可得到具有更高抗氧化、抗老化和美白活性的南瓜籽油。这有利于进一步的药理研究，并可作为具有皮肤益处的功能性食品。
