Vázquez-García José G, Torra Joel, Palma-Bautista Candelario, Alcántara-de la Cruz Ricardo, Prado Rafael De
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
Department d'Hortofruticultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Aug 19;10(8):1703. doi: 10.3390/plants10081703.
Species of have historically been controlled by acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides; however, overreliance on herbicides with this mechanism of action has resulted in the selection of resistant biotypes. The resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides was characterized in , and samples collected from winter wheat fields in northern Iran. Three resistant (R) biotypes, one of each species, presented high cross-resistance levels to diclofop-methyl, cycloxydim, and pinoxaden, which belong to the chemical families of aryloxyphenoxypropionates (FOPs), cyclohexanediones (DIMs), and phenylpyrazolines (DENs), respectively. The metabolism of C-diclofop-methyl contributed to the resistance of the R biotype, while no evidence of herbicide metabolism was found in or . ACCase in vitro assays showed that the target sites were very sensitive to FOP, DIM, and DEN herbicides in the S biotypes of the three species, while the R spp. biotypes presented different levels of resistance to these herbicides. ACCase gene sequencing confirmed that cross-resistance in species was conferred by specific point mutations. Resistance in the R biotype was due to target site and non-target-site resistance mechanisms, while in and , only an altered target site was found.
一直以来，[物种名称]通过抑制乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACCase）的除草剂进行防除；然而，过度依赖这种作用机制的除草剂已导致抗性生物型的产生。对从伊朗北部冬小麦田采集的[物种名称1]、[物种名称2]和[物种名称3]样本中的ACCase抑制性除草剂抗性进行了表征。三种抗性（R）生物型，每种[物种名称]各一种，对分别属于芳氧苯氧丙酸酯类（FOPs）、环己二酮类（DIMs）和苯基吡唑啉类（DENs）化学家族的禾草灵、环苯草酮和唑啉草酯呈现出较高的交叉抗性水平。14C-禾草灵的代谢促成了[物种名称1]R生物型的抗性，而在[物种名称2]或[物种名称3]中未发现除草剂代谢的证据。体外ACCase测定表明，在这三个物种的敏感（S）生物型中，靶标位点对FOP、DIM和DEN除草剂非常敏感，而[物种名称]R生物型对这些除草剂呈现出不同程度的抗性。ACCase基因测序证实，[物种名称]中的交叉抗性是由特定点突变赋予的。[物种名称1]R生物型的抗性归因于靶标位点和非靶标位点抗性机制，而在[物种名称2]和[物种名称3]中，仅发现靶标位点发生了改变。
