Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
Viruses. 2021 Jul 27;13(8):1468. doi: 10.3390/v13081468.
Viruses that infect the central nervous system (CNS) are associated with developmental abnormalities as well as neuropsychiatric and degenerative conditions. Many of these viruses such as Zika virus (ZIKV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) demonstrate tropism for neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs are the multipotent progenitor cells of the brain that have the ability to form neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Viral infections often alter the function of NSCs, with profound impacts on the growth and repair of the brain. There are a wide spectrum of effects on NSCs, which differ by the type of virus, the model system, the cell types studied, and the age of the host. Thus, it is a challenge to predict and define the consequences of interactions between viruses and NSCs. The purpose of this review is to dissect the mechanisms by which viruses can affect survival, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs. This review also sheds light on the contribution of key antiviral cytokines in the impairment of NSC activity during a viral infection, revealing a complex interplay between NSCs, viruses, and the immune system.
感染中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的病毒与发育异常以及神经精神和退行性疾病有关。许多此类病毒，如寨卡病毒 (ZIKV)、巨细胞病毒 (CMV) 和单纯疱疹病毒 (HSV)，均表现出对神经干细胞 (NSC) 的亲嗜性。NSC 是大脑的多能祖细胞，具有形成神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞的能力。病毒感染常改变 NSC 的功能，对大脑的生长和修复产生深远影响。病毒与 NSC 之间的相互作用会产生广泛的影响，具体取决于病毒类型、模型系统、研究的细胞类型和宿主年龄。因此，预测和定义病毒与 NSC 相互作用的后果具有挑战性。本综述的目的是剖析病毒影响 NSC 存活、增殖和分化的机制。本综述还揭示了关键抗病毒细胞因子在病毒感染期间损害 NSC 活性中的作用，揭示了 NSC、病毒和免疫系统之间的复杂相互作用。
