Aguilar-Díaz Hugo, Quiroz-Castañeda Rosa Estela, Cobaxin-Cárdenas Mayra, Salinas-Estrella Elizabeth, Amaro-Estrada Itzel
Unidad de Artropodología del Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Morelos, Mexico.
Unidad de Anaplasmosis del Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Morelos, Mexico.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Aug 17;8:710352. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.710352. eCollection 2021.
The information from the tick cattle microbiota suggests that the microbial populations may modulate a successful infection process of the tick-borne pathogens. Therefore, there is a need to know the microbial population and their interactions. In this mini-review, we present several examples of how microbiota regulates the survival of pathogens inside the tick and contributes to fitness, adaptation, and tick immunity, among others. The communication between the tick microbiota and the host microbiota is vital to understanding the pathogen transmission process. As part of the tick microbiota, the pathogen interacts with different microbial populations, including the microorganisms of the host microbiota. These interactions comprise a microsystem that regulates the vectorial capacity involved in tick-borne diseases. The knowledge we have about the vectorial capacity contributes to a better understanding of tick-borne pathogens. Additionally, using approaches based on multi-omics strategies applied to studying the microbiota and its microbiome allows the development of strategies to control ticks. The results derived from those studies reveal the dynamics of the microbiota and potential targets for anti-tick vaccine development. In this context, the anti-microbiota vaccines have emerged as an alternative with a good prognosis. Some strategies developed to control other arthropods vectors, such as paratransgenesis, could control ticks and tick-borne diseases.
蜱虫牛微生物群的信息表明，微生物种群可能会调节蜱传病原体的成功感染过程。因此，有必要了解微生物种群及其相互作用。在这篇小型综述中，我们列举了几个例子来说明微生物群如何调节蜱体内病原体的存活，并对适应性、健康状况和蜱虫免疫力等方面有所贡献。蜱虫微生物群与宿主微生物群之间的交流对于理解病原体传播过程至关重要。作为蜱虫微生物群的一部分，病原体与不同的微生物种群相互作用，包括宿主微生物群的微生物。这些相互作用构成了一个微系统，该微系统调节蜱传疾病中涉及的传播能力。我们对传播能力的了解有助于更好地理解蜱传病原体。此外，使用基于多组学策略的方法来研究微生物群及其微生物组，有助于制定控制蜱虫的策略。这些研究得出的结果揭示了微生物群的动态以及抗蜱疫苗开发的潜在靶点。在此背景下，抗微生物群疫苗已成为一种预后良好的替代方案。为控制其他节肢动物媒介而开发的一些策略，如共生转基因，也可用于控制蜱虫和蜱传疾病。
