Sun Jiwei, Tang Qingming, Zhang Junyuan, Chen Guangjin, Peng Jinfeng, Chen Lili
Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Front Mol Biosci. 2021 Aug 23;8:717038. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.717038. eCollection 2021.
The oral cavity serves as an open local organ of the human body, exposed to multiple external factors from the outside environment. Coincidentally, initiation and development of oral cancer are attributed to many external factors, such as smoking and drinking, to a great extent. This phenomenon was partly explained by the genetic abnormalities traditionally induced by carcinogens. However, more and more attention has been attracted to the influence of carcinogens on the local immune status. On the other hand, immune heterogeneity of cancer patients is a huge obstacle for enhancing the clinical efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Thus, in this review, we try to summarize the current opinions about variant genetic changes and multiple immune alterations induced by different oral cancer carcinogens and discuss the prospects of targeted immunotherapeutic strategies based on specific immune abnormalities caused by different carcinogens, as a predictive way to improve clinical outcomes of immunotherapy-treated oral cancer patients.
口腔是人体的一个开放性局部器官，暴露于外部环境中的多种外部因素。巧合的是，口腔癌的发生和发展在很大程度上归因于许多外部因素，如吸烟和饮酒。这种现象部分由致癌物传统上诱导的基因异常来解释。然而，致癌物对局部免疫状态的影响越来越受到关注。另一方面，癌症患者的免疫异质性是提高肿瘤免疫治疗临床疗效的巨大障碍。因此，在本综述中，我们试图总结关于不同口腔癌致癌物诱导的基因变化和多种免疫改变的当前观点，并讨论基于不同致癌物引起的特定免疫异常的靶向免疫治疗策略的前景，作为改善免疫治疗口腔癌患者临床结局的一种预测方法。
