Sport Training Lab, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45008 Toledo, Spain.
Facultad Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Nebrija, 28248 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 3;18(17):9340. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179340.
Swimming coaches have prescribed dry-land training programs over the years to improve the overall swimming performance (starts, clean swimming, turns and finish). The main aim of the present systematic review was to examine the effects of dry-land strength and conditioning programs on swimming turns. Four online databases were scrutinised, data were extracted using the Preferred PRISMA guidelines and the PEDro scale was applied. A total of 1259 articles were retrieved from database searches. From the 19 studies which were full-text evaluated, six studies were included in the review process. The review indicated that plyometric, strength, ballistic and core training programs were implemented for improving swimming turn performance. Strength, ballistic and plyometric training focusing on neural enhancement seem to be effective for improving swimming turn performance. The data related to training of the core were not conclusive. Coaches should consider incorporating exercises focusing on improving the neuromuscular factor of the leg-extensor muscles into their daily dry-land training programs. More researches are needed to provide a better understanding of the training methods effects and training organisations for improving swimming turn performance.
多年来，游泳教练们已经制定了陆上训练计划，以提高整体游泳表现（出发、干净的游泳、转身和完成）。本系统评价的主要目的是检查陆上力量和调节计划对游泳转身的影响。四个在线数据库进行了仔细审查，使用首选 PRISMA 指南提取数据，并应用 PEDro 量表。从数据库搜索中检索到 1259 篇文章。在对全文进行评估的 19 项研究中，有 6 项研究纳入了审查过程。该综述表明，进行了增强式训练、力量训练、弹道训练和核心训练计划，以提高游泳转身表现。专注于神经增强的力量、弹道和增强式训练似乎对提高游泳转身表现有效。与核心训练相关的数据没有定论。教练应该考虑将专注于提高腿部伸肌的神经肌肉因素的练习纳入他们的日常陆上训练计划中。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解提高游泳转身表现的训练方法效果和训练组织。
