Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 4;18(17):9364. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179364.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by glucose clearance abnormalities and insufficient insulin response. Left uncontrolled, T2DM can result in serious complications and death. With no cure available currently and the prevalence of major risk factors such as pre-diabetes and the metabolic syndrome continuously increasing, there is an urgent need for effective treatments with limited or no side effects. Red raspberries (RR) contain various phytonutrients with potential for modulating insulin function, glucose, and lipid metabolism. The objective of this literature review was to investigate the potential metabolic benefits of dietary RR in individuals with T2DM and pre-diabetes. A search of major scientific databases was employed to identify peer-reviewed, in vivo, or human studies that utilized whole RR or its functional constituents as treatment. The studies examined provide evidence that RR may offer clinically beneficial effects for the prevention and management of chronic diseases through improvements in glucose handling and insulin sensitivity, adiposity, lipid profiles, ectopic lipid accumulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiac health. More human trials and in vivo studies are needed to confirm the benefits of dietary RR in T2DM and pre-diabetes and to explore the dose-dependent relationships, optimal duration, and treatment modality.
2 型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种慢性代谢性疾病，其特征为葡萄糖清除异常和胰岛素反应不足。如果不加以控制，T2DM 可能会导致严重的并发症和死亡。目前尚无治愈方法，而且糖尿病前期和代谢综合征等主要危险因素的患病率持续上升，因此迫切需要具有有限或无副作用的有效治疗方法。红树莓（RR）含有多种具有调节胰岛素功能、葡萄糖和脂质代谢潜力的植物营养素。本文献综述的目的是探讨 RR 在 T2DM 和糖尿病前期个体中的潜在代谢益处。通过检索主要的科学数据库，确定了使用完整 RR 或其功能性成分作为治疗方法的同行评审、体内或人体研究。这些研究提供的证据表明，RR 通过改善葡萄糖处理和胰岛素敏感性、肥胖、血脂谱、异位脂质积累、炎症、氧化应激和心脏健康，可能为慢性疾病的预防和管理提供临床有益的效果。需要更多的人体试验和体内研究来证实 RR 在 T2DM 和糖尿病前期中的益处，并探索剂量依赖性关系、最佳持续时间和治疗方式。
