Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2021 Aug 31;16:6097-6113. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S321984. eCollection 2021.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been widely investigated and applied in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent superparamagnetic properties and reliable traceability. However, with the optimization of core composition, shell types and transfection agents, the cytotoxicity and metabolism of different SPIONs have great differences, and the labeled cells also show different cellular behaviors. Therefore, a holistic review of the construction and application of SPIONs is desired. This review focuses the advances of SPIONs in the field of biomedicine in recent years. After summarizing the toxicity of different SPIONs, the uptake, distribution and metabolism of SPIONs in vitro were discussed. Then, the regulation of labeled-cells behavior is outlined. Furthermore, the major challenges in the optimization process of SPIONs and insights on its future developments are proposed.
超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子（SPIONs）由于其优异的超顺磁性和可靠的示踪性，在生物医学领域得到了广泛的研究和应用。然而，随着核心成分、壳类型和转染剂的优化，不同 SPIONs 的细胞毒性和代谢有很大差异，标记的细胞也表现出不同的细胞行为。因此，需要对 SPIONs 的构建和应用进行全面的综述。本综述重点介绍了近年来 SPIONs 在生物医学领域的进展。在总结了不同 SPIONs 的毒性后，讨论了 SPIONs 在体外的摄取、分布和代谢。然后，概述了标记细胞行为的调节。此外，还提出了 SPIONs 优化过程中的主要挑战以及对其未来发展的见解。
