Departamento de Teología Moral y Bioética, Centro Superior Estudios Teológicos (Badajoz), Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Sezione di Igiene, Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2021 Dec;39(10):510-515. doi: 10.1016/j.eimce.2021.09.001. Epub 2021 Sep 10.
Major public and private laboratories have entered into a race to find an effective Covid-19 vaccine. When that vaccine arrives, the governments will have to implement vaccination programs to achieve the necessary immunization levels to prevent the disease transmission. In this context, the ethical dilemma of compulsory vaccination vs. voluntary vaccination will be raised. Underlying this dilemma, lies the problem of the ethical models on which the political decisions of governments in matters of health are based. The article proposes and argues the need to base health policy decisions on an ethical "first person" model, based on responsibility, that allows us to move from a normative ethic to an ethic of responsible behavior. This change in the ethical model, together with certain proposals for political action, will help us to restore institutional trust so that the necessary levels of collective immunity against Covid-19 can be achieved through the voluntary vaccination of the citizens.
各大公立和私立实验室都在竞相研发有效的新冠疫苗。当这种疫苗问世后，各国政府将不得不实施疫苗接种计划，以达到预防疾病传播所需的免疫水平。在这种情况下，将出现强制接种疫苗与自愿接种疫苗之间的伦理困境。这种困境的根源在于各国政府在卫生事务方面的政治决策所依据的伦理模式问题。本文提出并论证了在以责任为基础的伦理“第一人称”模式的基础上制定卫生政策决策的必要性，这一模式使我们能够从规范伦理转向负责任行为的伦理。这种伦理模式的转变，以及为政治行动提出的某些建议，将有助于我们恢复机构信任，从而通过公民自愿接种疫苗来实现对新冠病毒的必要的集体免疫力。
