处于精神病发病风险增加的个体和被诊断为精神病障碍的个体的情绪反应和情绪调节升高。
Elevated emotion reactivity and emotion regulation in individuals at clinical high risk for developing psychosis and those diagnosed with a psychotic disorder.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Early Interv Psychiatry. 2022 Jul;16(7):724-735. doi: 10.1111/eip.13212. Epub 2021 Sep 15.
AIMS
Disrupted affective processes are core features of psychosis; yet emotion reactivity and emotion regulation impairments have not been fully characterized in individuals at clinical high-risk for developing psychosis (CHR) or adolescents diagnosed with a psychotic disorder (AOP). Characterizing these impairments may provide a fuller understanding of factors contributing to psychosis risk and psychosis onset. Using cross-sectional and longitudinal data, we evaluated (1) group-level effects of emotion reactivity and regulation, (2) stability of group-level effects over time and age, (3) relationships between emotion reactivity and regulation, and (4) associations between these measures and psychosocial functioning and clinical symptomatology.
METHODS
Eighty-seven participants (CHR = 32, TD = 42, AOP = 13; 12-25 years, 1-5 visits) completed the Emotion Reactivity Scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. We assessed psychotic symptoms with the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes and measured real-world functioning with the Global Functioning: Social and Role Scales. We used analysis of variance to assess Aim 1 and linear mixed models to address Aims 2-4.
RESULTS
CHR and AOP endorsed experiencing heightened levels of emotion reactivity and greater difficulty utilizing emotion regulation strategies compared to TD. These impairments were stable across time and adolescent development. Greater levels of emotion reactivity were associated with greater emotion regulation impairments. Greater impairments in emotion regulation were associated with lower social functioning and greater negative symptom severity.
CONCLUSION
Therapeutic interventions designed to reduce emotion reactivity and improve one's ability to utilize emotion regulation strategies may be effective in reducing clinical symptomatology and improving real-world functioning in CHR and AOP.
目的
情感过程紊乱是精神病核心特征；然而，在处于精神病发病高风险（CHR）或被诊断患有精神病的青少年（AOP）中，情绪反应和情绪调节损伤尚未得到充分描述。描述这些损伤可能有助于更全面地了解导致精神病风险和精神病发作的因素。本研究使用横断面和纵向数据，评估了（1）情绪反应和调节的组间效应，（2）组间效应随时间和年龄的稳定性，（3）情绪反应和调节之间的关系，以及（4）这些测量结果与心理社会功能和临床症状之间的关联。
方法
87 名参与者（CHR=32，TD=42，AOP=13；年龄 12-25 岁，1-5 次就诊）完成了情绪反应量表、情绪调节困难量表和情绪调节问卷。我们使用前驱症状结构化访谈评估精神病症状，并使用全球功能：社会和角色量表评估现实生活中的功能。我们使用方差分析评估目标 1，使用线性混合模型解决目标 2-4。
结果
与 TD 相比，CHR 和 AOP 报告经历了更高水平的情绪反应和更难以利用情绪调节策略。这些损伤在时间和青少年发育过程中是稳定的。更高水平的情绪反应与更大的情绪调节损伤有关。更大的情绪调节损伤与较低的社会功能和更大的阴性症状严重程度有关。
结论
旨在降低情绪反应并提高个体利用情绪调节策略能力的治疗干预措施可能有助于降低 CHR 和 AOP 的临床症状，并改善现实生活中的功能。
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