Ma Xiaoming, Zhang Qiang, La Yongfu, Fu Donghai, Jiang Hiu, Bao Pengjia, Wu Xiaoyun, Chu Min, Guo Xian, Yan Ping, Liang Chunnian
Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Aug 31;8:663031. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.663031. eCollection 2021.
The plateau adaptability and stress resistance of yaks are widely known based on their capacity to survive under severe habitat conditions. However, a few studies on brain mitochondria have characterized these adaptations at the protein level. We identified and quantified the brain mitochondrial proteins using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and Proteomics. Western blotting was used to verify changes in the expression of target proteins. A total of 57 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified in the yak brain tissue. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed molecular functions of these DAPs including downregulated oxidoreductase activity but upregulated coenzyme binding. Significantly enriched biological processes were oxidation-reduction process (downregulated) and small molecule metabolic processes (upregulated). STRING protein interaction analysis indicated a complex interaction between dehydrogenase, transaminase, and ATP synthetase families. Reactome pathway analysis highlighted that the majority of DAPs participated in aerobic metabolic pathways such as metabolism, citric acid cycle, and respiratory electron transport. Immunoblotting confirmed that changes in FKBP4 and ATPAF2 expression were consistent with the results of mass spectrometry. We performed a high-throughput screening to identify DAPs in brain mitochondria between yak and cattle, which could explain the plateau adaptability of yaks.
牦牛在恶劣栖息地条件下的生存能力使其高原适应性和抗逆性广为人知。然而，关于脑线粒体的一些研究仅在蛋白质水平上对这些适应性进行了表征。我们使用相对和绝对定量等压标签（iTRAQ）和蛋白质组学技术对脑线粒体蛋白质进行了鉴定和定量。蛋白质免疫印迹法用于验证目标蛋白表达的变化。在牦牛脑组织中共鉴定出57种差异丰富蛋白（DAP）。基因本体论（GO）分析显示这些DAP的分子功能包括氧化还原酶活性下调但辅酶结合上调。显著富集的生物学过程为氧化还原过程（下调）和小分子代谢过程（上调）。STRING蛋白质相互作用分析表明脱氢酶、转氨酶和ATP合酶家族之间存在复杂的相互作用。Reactome通路分析强调，大多数DAP参与有氧代谢途径，如代谢、柠檬酸循环和呼吸电子传递。免疫印迹证实FKBP4和ATPAF2表达的变化与质谱结果一致。我们进行了高通量筛选，以鉴定牦牛和牛脑线粒体中的DAP，这可以解释牦牛的高原适应性。
