Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Italy.
School of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom.
J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Nov 1;36(11):3023-3031. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004039. Epub 2021 Apr 5.
Coratella, G, Beato, M, Bertinato, L, Milanese, C, Venturelli, M, and Schena, F. Including the eccentric phase in resistance training to counteract the effects of detraining in women: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3023-3031, 2022-The current study compared the effects of concentric-based (CONC), eccentric-based (ECC), and traditional concentric-eccentric (TRAD) resistance training on muscle strength, mass, and architecture and the postdetraining retention of the training-induced effects in women. Sixty women were randomly assigned to unilateral volume-equated CONC, ECC, or TRAD knee extension training or control ( N = 15 per group). Before training, after an 8-week intervention period, and after an 8-week detraining period, isokinetic concentric, eccentric, and isometric torque were measured. In addition, thigh lean mass was assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry and vastus lateralis thickness, pennation angle, and fascicle length by ultrasound. After training, concentric and isometric torque increased ( p < 0.05) similarly in all groups, whereas eccentric torque increased more in ECC than that in CONC (+13.1%, effect size (ES): 0.71 [0.04-1.38]) and TRAD (+12.6%, ES: 0.60 [0.12-1.08]). Thigh lean mass increased in ECC (+6.1%, ES: 0.47 [0.27-0.67]) and TRAD (+3.1%, ES: 0.33 [0.01-0.65]). Vastus lateralis thickness and pennation angle increased ( p < 0.05) similarly in all groups, whereas fascicle elongation was visible in ECC (+9.7%, ES: 0.92 [0.14-1.65]) and TRAD (+7.1%, ES: 0.64 [0.03-1.25]). After detraining, all groups retained ( p < 0.05) similar concentric torque. ECC and TRAD preserved eccentric torque ( p < 0.05), but ECC more than TRAD (+17.9%, ES: 0.61 [0.21-1.21]). All groups preserved isometric torque ( p < 0.05), but ECC more than CONC (+14.2%, ES: 0.71 [0.04-1.38]) and TRAD (+13.8%, ES: 0.65 [0.10-1.20]). Thigh lean mass and vastus lateralis fascicle length were retained only in ECC ( p < 0.05), pennation angle was preserved in all groups ( p < 0.05), and thickness was retained in CONC and ECC ( p < 0.05). Including the eccentric phase in resistance training is essential to preserve adaptations after detraining.
科拉泰拉、G、贝阿托、M、贝尔塔蒂诺、L、米兰内塞、C、文特雷利、M 和 Schena、F. 在抗阻训练中加入离心阶段以抵抗女性脱训的影响：一项随机对照试验。J 力量与调理研究 36(11)：3023-3031，2022-本研究比较了基于向心的 (CONC)、基于离心的 (ECC) 和传统向心-离心的 (TRAD) 抗阻训练对肌肉力量、质量和结构的影响，以及女性脱训后训练效果的保留情况。60 名女性被随机分配到单侧等容量 CONC、ECC 或 TRAD 膝关节伸展训练或对照组 (每组 15 人)。在训练前、8 周干预后和 8 周脱训后，测量了等速向心、离心和等长扭矩。此外，通过双 X 射线吸收法评估大腿瘦体重，通过超声评估股外侧肌厚度、肌纤维角度和肌纤维长度。训练后，所有组的向心和等长扭矩均增加 (p<0.05)，而离心扭矩在 ECC 中增加更多 (CONC 增加 13.1%，ES：0.71 [0.04-1.38]；TRAD 增加 12.6%，ES：0.60 [0.12-1.08])。ECC 和 TRAD 组的大腿瘦体重增加 (ECC 增加 6.1%，ES：0.47 [0.27-0.67]；TRAD 增加 3.1%，ES：0.33 [0.01-0.65])。所有组的股外侧肌厚度和肌纤维角度均增加 (p<0.05)，而 ECC 和 TRAD 组的肌纤维伸长可见 (ECC 增加 9.7%，ES：0.92 [0.14-1.65]；TRAD 增加 7.1%，ES：0.64 [0.03-1.25])。脱训后，所有组均保留 (p<0.05) 相似的向心扭矩。ECC 和 TRAD 保留了离心扭矩 (p<0.05)，但 ECC 比 TRAD 更明显 (ECC 增加 17.9%，ES：0.61 [0.21-1.21])。所有组均保留了等长扭矩 (p<0.05)，但 ECC 比 CONC 更明显 (ECC 增加 14.2%，ES：0.71 [0.04-1.38]；TRAD 增加 13.8%，ES：0.65 [0.10-1.20])。仅 ECC 组保留了大腿瘦体重和股外侧肌肌纤维长度 (p<0.05)，所有组保留了肌纤维角度 (p<0.05)，CONC 和 ECC 组保留了股外侧肌厚度 (p<0.05)。在抗阻训练中加入离心阶段对于脱训后保持适应性非常重要。
