Xu Shengchao, Li Xizhe, Tang Lu, Liu Zhixiong, Yang Kui, Cheng Quan
Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Mol Biosci. 2021 Sep 1;8:706949. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.706949. eCollection 2021.
Cluster of differentiation 74 (CD74) is found to be highly involved in the development of various types of cancers and could affect the activities of infiltrated cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, these studies only focus on a few types of immune cells. Our study aims to comprehensively explore the role of CD74 in glioma prognosis and immune microenvironment. A total of 40 glioma specimens were collected in this study. We extracted data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and Gene-Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to explore the expression pattern of CD74 in gliomas. gene sets enrichment analysis and gene set variation analysis analyses were conducted to characterize the immune features of CD74. ESTIMATE, ssGSEA, Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource, and CIBERSORT algorithms were applied to assess the immune infiltration. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for survival analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the predictive accuracy of CD74 in glioma diagnosis and prognosis. A total of 2,399 glioma patients were included in our study. CD74 was highly expressed in glioma tissue compared to normal brain tissue and its expression was significantly higher in the high-grade glioma compared to the lower grade glioma at transcriptional and translational levels. Besides, CD74 was positively associated with immune checkpoints and inflammatory cytokines as well as immune processes including cytokine secretion and leukocyte activation. The high expression of CD74 indicated a high infiltration of immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. Moreover, patients with high expression of CD74 had poor prognoses. CD74 had moderate predictive accuracy in the diagnosis of glioblastoma and prediction of survival. In conclusion, our study revealed that the high expression of CD74 was associated with poor prognosis and high immune infiltration. CD74 could be used as a potential target for glioma treatment and as a biomarker to predict the prognosis of glioma patients.
分化簇74（CD74）被发现高度参与各类癌症的发展，并可能影响肿瘤微环境中浸润细胞的活性。然而，这些研究仅聚焦于少数几种免疫细胞。我们的研究旨在全面探究CD74在胶质瘤预后和免疫微环境中的作用。本研究共收集了40例胶质瘤标本。我们从癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）、中国胶质瘤基因组图谱（CGGA）和基因表达综合数据库（GEO）中提取数据，以探究CD74在胶质瘤中的表达模式。进行基因集富集分析和基因集变异分析以表征CD74的免疫特征。应用ESTIMATE、单样本基因集富集分析（ssGSEA）、肿瘤免疫估计资源（Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource）和CIBERSORT算法来评估免疫浸润情况。采用Kaplan-Meier分析进行生存分析。使用受试者工作特征分析来评估CD74在胶质瘤诊断和预后中的预测准确性。我们的研究共纳入了2399例胶质瘤患者。与正常脑组织相比，CD74在胶质瘤组织中高表达，并且在转录和翻译水平上，其在高级别胶质瘤中的表达显著高于低级别胶质瘤。此外，CD74与免疫检查点、炎性细胞因子以及包括细胞因子分泌和白细胞激活在内的免疫过程呈正相关。CD74的高表达表明巨噬细胞、树突状细胞和中性粒细胞等免疫细胞的高浸润。此外，CD74高表达的患者预后较差。CD74在胶质母细胞瘤的诊断和生存预测方面具有中等预测准确性。总之，我们的研究表明，CD74的高表达与预后不良和高免疫浸润相关。CD74可作为胶质瘤治疗的潜在靶点以及预测胶质瘤患者预后的生物标志物。
