Buchholtz Kim, Lambert Mike, Corten Lieselotte, Burgess Theresa L
Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Physiotherapy, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, Differdange, Luxembourg.
Sports Med Open. 2021 Sep 25;7(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s40798-021-00357-z.
Cycling is a popular global sport and method of transportation and a significant contributor to admissions to hospital emergency units following an injury. Mountain biking events present additional challenges with remote venues and isolated courses, for which on-site medical care is often provided, for both injury and illness occurring during races. National health data may not represent these unique events, and specific data on incidence of injury and illness in mountain biking events are essential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the available injury and illness literature, reporting methods and risk factors in cross-country mountain biking.
Search engines PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Scopus, PEDro and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched, and a grey literature search was performed. Narrative analyses of the types, severity and area of injuries and illness type and severity were performed as pooling of data was impossible due to insufficient high-quality studies with the same injury and illness definitions.
Seven studies comprising 28,021 participants were included for analysis. Four to 71% of participants sustained an injury in a cross-country mountain bike event. Injuries to the skin were the most common, followed by bony injuries and concussion. Five to 47% of cyclists reported the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms post-event. The prevalence of illness during events ranged from 0.5 to 23.0%.
The injury and illness definitions were varied and prevented clear comparisons between studies. Injury and illness present a concern in cross-country marathon mountain biking and should be investigated further to provide the true burden of these during race events. Registration: This protocol has been registered with PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (No: CRD42019134586).
骑自行车是一项全球流行的运动和交通方式，也是导致医院急诊科收治受伤患者的一个重要原因。山地自行车赛事带来了额外的挑战，因其场地偏远且赛道孤立，通常会为比赛期间发生的伤病提供现场医疗护理。国家健康数据可能无法代表这些独特的赛事，因此，关于山地自行车赛事中伤病发生率的具体数据至关重要。因此，本研究的目的是回顾现有的关于越野山地自行车运动中伤病情况、报告方法和风险因素的文献。
系统检索了搜索引擎PubMed、Scopus、CINAHL（EBSCOhost）、Scopus、PEDro和Cochrane图书馆，并进行了灰色文献检索。由于缺乏关于相同伤病定义的高质量研究，无法汇总数据，因此对伤病的类型、严重程度和部位以及疾病的类型和严重程度进行了叙述性分析。
纳入七项研究，共28021名参与者进行分析。在越野山地自行车赛事中，4%至71%的参与者受伤。皮肤损伤最为常见，其次是骨损伤和脑震荡。5%至47%的骑行者赛后出现胃肠道症状。赛事期间疾病的患病率在0.5%至23.0%之间。
伤病的定义各不相同，妨碍了各研究之间的清晰比较。伤病是越野马拉松山地自行车运动中的一个问题，应进一步调查以了解这些伤病在赛事期间的真实负担。注册情况：本方案已在PROSPERO国际系统评价前瞻性注册库注册（编号：CRD42019134586）。
