Carvalho Isabel, Carvalho José António, Martínez-Álvarez Sandra, Sadi Madjid, Capita Rosa, Alonso-Calleja Carlos, Rabbi Fazle, Dapkevicius Maria de Lurdes Nunes Enes, Igrejas Gilberto, Torres Carmen, Poeta Patrícia
Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Microorganisms. 2021 Sep 9;9(9):1914. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9091914.
are major players in the spread of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics through the action of CTX-M β-lactamases. We aimed to analyze the diversity and genetic characteristics of ESBL-producing and isolates from patients in a Northern Portuguese hospital.
A total of 62 cefotaxime/ceftazidime-resistant ( = 38) and ( = 24) clinical isolates were studied. Identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against 13 antibiotics was performed. Detection of ESBL-encoding genes and other resistance genes, phylogenetic grouping, and molecular typing (for selected isolates) was carried out by PCR/sequencing.
ESBL activity was detected in all 62 and isolates. Most of the ESBL-producing isolates carried a gene (37/38 isolates), being predominant ( = 32), although ( = 1) and ( = 1) were also detected. Two isolates carried the gene. The lineages ST131-B2 and ST410-A were detected among the ESBL-producing blood isolates. Regarding the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 18 carried a gene (, 16 isolates; , 2 isolates). All isolates carried genes, including ESBL-variants ( and , 14 isolates) or non-ESBL-variants ( and , 10 isolates); ten isolates also carried the gene and showed imipenem-resistance. ESBL-positive isolates were ascribed to the B phylogenetic group (82%), mostly associated with ST131 lineage and, at a lower rate, to ST410/A. Regarding , the three international lineages ST15, ST147, and ST280 were detected among selected isolates.
Different ESBL variants of CTX-M (especially CTX-M-15) and SHV-type (specially SHV-12) were detected among CTX/CAZ and isolates, in occasions associated with carbapenemase genes ( gene).
通过CTX-Mβ-内酰胺酶的作用，[具体细菌名称未给出]是对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药性传播的主要参与者。我们旨在分析葡萄牙北部一家医院患者中产ESBL的[具体细菌名称未给出]和[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株的多样性和遗传特征。
共研究了62株对头孢噻肟/头孢他啶耐药的[具体细菌名称未给出]（n = 38）和[具体细菌名称未给出]（n = 24）临床分离株。通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF MS）进行鉴定。对13种抗生素进行了药敏试验。通过PCR/测序进行ESBL编码基因和其他耐药基因的检测、系统发育分组以及分子分型（针对选定分离株）。
在所有62株[具体细菌名称未给出]和[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株中均检测到ESBL活性。大多数产ESBL的[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株携带[具体基因名称未给出]基因（37/38株分离株），其中[具体基因类型未给出]占主导（n = 32），尽管也检测到了[具体基因类型未给出]（n = 1）和[具体基因类型未给出]（n = 1）。两株[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株携带[具体基因名称未给出]基因。在产ESBL的血液[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株中检测到ST131-B2和ST410-A谱系。对于24株产ESBL的[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株，18株携带[具体基因名称未给出]基因（[具体基因类型未给出]，16株；[具体基因类型未给出]，2株）。所有[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株均携带[具体基因名称未给出]基因，包括ESBL变体（[具体基因类型未给出]和[具体基因类型未给出]，14株）或非ESBL变体（[具体基因类型未给出]和[具体基因类型未给出]，10株）；10株[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株还携带[具体基因名称未给出]基因并表现出对亚胺培南耐药。ESBL阳性的[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株归为B系统发育组（82%），主要与ST131谱系相关，其次与ST410/A相关。对于[具体细菌名称未给出]，在选定分离株中检测到三种国际谱系ST15、ST147和ST280。
在CTX/CAZ和[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株中检测到不同的CTX-M型ESBL变体（尤其是CTX-M-15）和SHV型（特别是SHV-12），有时与碳青霉烯酶基因（[具体基因名称未给出]基因）相关。
