Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Osaka City University Graduate School of Human Life Science, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
Nutrients. 2021 Sep 6;13(9):3120. doi: 10.3390/nu13093120.
Limited information exists on dietary practices in para-athletes. The aim of this study was to clarify the actual situation of para-athletes' dietary practice and to sort out the factors (i.e., eating perception, nutrition knowledge, and body image), that may hinder their dietary practices, and explored the practical challenges in nutritional support and improving nutrition knowledge for para-athletes. Thirty-two Japanese para-athletes (22 men) and 45 collegiate student athletes without disabilities (27 men) participated in the online survey. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics, eating perception, dietary practices, and nutrition knowledge. The Japanese version of the body appreciation scale was used to determine their body image. Para-athletes who answered that they knew their ideal amount and way of eating showed significantly higher body image scores (r = 0.604, < 0.001). However, mean score for nutrition knowledge of para-athletes were significantly lower than collegiate student athletes (19.4 ± 6.8 vs. 24.2 ± 6.1 points, = 0.001). Both groups did not identify a dietitian as the source of nutrition information or receiving their nutrition advice. The results indicate para-athletes have unique eating perceptions and inadequate nutrition knowledge. Future interventions are needed to examine nutritional supports and education in relation to the role of dietitians.
关于残障运动员的饮食实践，目前相关信息有限。本研究旨在阐明残障运动员的实际饮食实践情况，并梳理可能阻碍其饮食实践的因素（即饮食感知、营养知识和身体形象），同时探讨为残障运动员提供营养支持和提高营养知识方面的实际挑战。32 名日本残障运动员（22 名男性）和 45 名无残疾的大学生运动员（27 名男性）参与了在线调查。问卷包括人口统计学特征、饮食感知、饮食实践和营养知识。使用身体欣赏量表的日译本来确定他们的身体形象。回答知道自己理想的饮食量和方式的残障运动员的身体形象得分显著更高（r = 0.604，<0.001）。然而，残障运动员的营养知识平均得分明显低于大学生运动员（19.4 ± 6.8 与 24.2 ± 6.1 分，= 0.001）。两组都没有将营养师作为营养信息的来源或接受其营养建议。研究结果表明，残障运动员有独特的饮食感知和不足的营养知识。未来需要进行干预研究，以检验与营养师角色相关的营养支持和教育。
