Department of Dietetic and Nutritional Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev and Gentofte, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark.
Institute of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, DK-1799 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nutrients. 2021 Sep 9;13(9):3142. doi: 10.3390/nu13093142.
Low-intake dehydration is a common and often chronic condition in older adults. Adverse health outcomes associated with low-intake dehydration in older adults include poorer cognitive performance, reduced quality of life, worsened course of illness and recovery, and a high number of unplanned hospital admissions and increased mortality. The subjective methods to assess (risk of) dehydration are not reliable, and the evidence about preventive measures are also limited. So is the knowledge about the optimal intake of beverages per day. This narrative review presents the state of the science on the role of low intake hydration in older adults. Despite its simple cause-the inadequate intake of beverages-low-intake dehydration appears to be a very complex problem to address and much more research is needed in the area. Based on the existing evidence, it seems necessary to take setting specific differences and individual problems and needs into account to tackle dehydration in older adults. Further, it is necessary to increase awareness of the prevalence and severity of low-intake dehydration among older adults and in nursing staff in care homes and hospitals as well as among caregivers of older adults living at home.
低摄入脱水是老年人中常见且常常是慢性的病症。老年人低摄入脱水相关的不良健康后果包括认知能力下降、生活质量降低、病情和康复恶化、非计划性住院增加以及死亡率升高。评估（脱水风险）的主观方法不可靠，预防措施的证据也有限，关于每天最佳饮料摄入量的知识同样如此。本综述介绍了老年人低摄入水合作用的作用的科学现状。尽管低摄入脱水的原因很简单，即摄入的饮料不足，但它似乎是一个非常复杂的问题，需要在该领域进行更多的研究。基于现有证据，似乎有必要考虑特定的差异以及老年人、养老院和医院护理人员以及居家老年人的护理人员的个体问题和需求，以解决老年人的脱水问题。此外，有必要提高老年人以及养老院和医院护理人员和居家老年人的护理人员对低摄入脱水的普遍性和严重性的认识。
