Vollmann Manja, Salewski Christel
Department of Socio-Medical Sciences, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Hagen, 58097 Hagen, Germany.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Aug 24;9(9):941. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9090941.
Mass vaccination is considered necessary to reduce the spread of COVID-19; however, vaccination willingness was found to be especially low among young adults. Therefore, based on the extended Common Sense Model, the unique effects and the interplay of illness representations about COVID-19 and perceptions about COVID-19 vaccination in explaining COVID-19 vaccination willingness was investigated using a cross-sectional design. An online survey measuring the relevant variables was filled in by 584 participants (69.9% female) between 18 and 34 years. Correlation analyses showed that all illness representation dimensions except from timeline and both dimensions of vaccination perceptions were related to vaccination willingness. The mediation analysis revealed that less personal control, more prevention control, more concerns about COVID-19 as well as more perceived necessity of and fewer concerns about the vaccination were directly related to higher vaccination willingness. Additionally, prevention control was indirectly related to higher vaccination willingness through stronger perceptions of necessity of the vaccination. The extended Common Sense Model proved to be useful in the context of illness prevention. Campaigns to improve vaccination rates should aim at increasing the perception that COVID-19 is preventable through vaccination and the personal need of the vaccination as well as at decreasing concerns about the vaccination.
大规模疫苗接种被认为是减少新冠病毒传播的必要措施；然而，研究发现年轻人的疫苗接种意愿特别低。因此，基于扩展的常识模型，采用横断面设计，研究了关于新冠病毒的疾病表征和对新冠疫苗接种的认知在解释新冠疫苗接种意愿方面的独特作用及其相互作用。584名年龄在18至34岁之间的参与者（69.9%为女性）填写了一份测量相关变量的在线调查问卷。相关性分析表明，除时间线外的所有疾病表征维度以及疫苗接种认知的两个维度均与疫苗接种意愿相关。中介分析显示，较低的个人控制感、较强的预防控制感、对新冠病毒更多的担忧以及对疫苗接种更强的必要性感知和更少的担忧与更高的疫苗接种意愿直接相关。此外，预防控制感通过更强的疫苗接种必要性感知与更高的疫苗接种意愿间接相关。扩展的常识模型在疾病预防方面被证明是有用的。提高疫苗接种率的宣传活动应旨在增强人们对通过接种疫苗可预防新冠病毒的认知以及接种疫苗的个人需求，并减少对疫苗接种的担忧。
