Occupational Health Practice, Zagreb, Croatia.
University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health and Occupational and Sports Medicine Zagreb, Croatia.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2021 Sep 28;72(3):232-239. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3559.
One of the side-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is a global change in work ergonomic patterns as millions of people replaced their usual work environment with home to limit the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection. The aim of our cross-sectional pilot study was to identify musculoskeletal pain that may have resulted from this change and included 232 telecommunications company workers of both genders [121 (52.2 %) men aged 23-62 (median 41; interquartile range 33-46 yrs.) and 111 (47.8 %) women aged 23-53 (median 40; interquartile range 33-44)] who had been working from home for eight months (from 16 March to 4 December 2020) before they joined the study. The participants were asked to fill in our web-based questionnaire by self-assessing their experience of hand, lower back, and upper back/neck pain while working at home and by describing their work setting and physical activity. Compared to previous work at the office, 90 (39.1 %) participants reported stronger pain in the lower back, 105 (45.7 %) in the upper back/neck, and 63 (27.2 %) in their hands. Only one third did not report any musculoskeletal problems related to work from home. Significantly fewer men than women reported hand, lower back, and upper back/ neck pain (p=0.033, p=0.001 and p=0.013, respectively). Sixty-nine workers (29.9 %) reported to work in a separate room, 75 (32.4 %) worked in a separate section of a room with other household members, whereas 87 (37.7 %) had no separate work space, 30 of whom most often worked in the dining room. Ninety-five participants (40.9 %) had no office desk to work at, and only 75 (32.3 %) used an ergonomic chair. Of those who shared their household with others (N=164), 116 (70.7 %) complained about constant or occasional disturbances. Over a half of all participants (52 %) said that they worked longer hours from home than at work, predominantly women (p=0.05). Only 69 participants (29.9 %) were taking frequent breaks, predominantly older ones (p=0.006). Our findings clearly point to a need to inform home workers how to make more ergonomic use of non-ergonomic equipment, use breaks, and exercise and to inform employers how to better organise working hours to meet the needs of work from home.
新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行的副作用之一是全球工作人体工程学模式的改变,数以百万计的人在家中工作,以限制严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2(SARS-COV-2)感染的传播。我们的这项横断面试点研究的目的是确定可能因这种变化而导致的肌肉骨骼疼痛,并纳入了 232 名电信公司的男女员工[121 名(52.2%)男性,年龄 23-62 岁(中位数 41;四分位距 33-46 岁)和 111 名(47.8%)女性,年龄 23-53 岁(中位数 40;四分位距 33-44)],他们在加入研究之前已经在家中工作了 8 个月(2020 年 3 月 16 日至 12 月 4 日)。参与者通过自我评估在家工作时手部、下背部和上背部/颈部疼痛的情况,并描述他们的工作环境和身体活动情况,填写我们的在线问卷。与之前在办公室工作相比,90 名(39.1%)参与者报告下背部疼痛加剧,105 名(45.7%)报告上背部/颈部疼痛加剧,63 名(27.2%)报告手部疼痛加剧。只有三分之一的人没有报告任何与在家工作相关的肌肉骨骼问题。与女性相比,男性报告手部、下背部和上背部/颈部疼痛的人数明显较少(p=0.033、p=0.001 和 p=0.013)。69 名工人(29.9%)在单独的房间工作,75 名工人(32.4%)在与其他家庭成员分开的房间的一部分工作,而 87 名工人(37.7%)没有单独的工作空间,其中 30 名工人最常在餐厅工作。95 名工人(40.9%)没有办公桌,只有 75 名工人(32.3%)使用符合人体工程学的椅子。在与他人同住的参与者中(N=164),116 名(70.7%)抱怨经常或偶尔受到干扰。超过一半的参与者(52%)表示他们在家工作的时间比在办公室工作的时间长,主要是女性(p=0.05)。只有 69 名参与者(29.9%)经常休息,主要是年龄较大的参与者(p=0.006)。我们的研究结果清楚地表明,需要告知在家工作的人员如何更符合人体工程学地使用非人体工程学设备、使用休息时间和锻炼,并告知雇主如何更好地安排工作时间,以满足在家工作的需求。