Allergy Clinic, Casa di Cura Villa Montallegro, Genoa, Italy.
Allergy Center, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2021 Sep 30;21(9):44. doi: 10.1007/s11882-021-01021-y.
Otitis media (OM) is a disease with high prevalence in infancy; it has a substantial burden on healthcare resources, and a relevant impact on the quality of life of families. The link between OM and allergic rhinitis (AR) is still debated. However, there is agreement about the relevance of type 2 inflammation on turbinate hypertrophy (TH) generation. There is also evidence that TH is associated with middle ear dysventilation: a pathogenic factor promoting OM. Therefore, a vicious circle among AR, TH, and OM may occur.
There are some recent studies exploring this issue through different approaches, such as epidemiological, mechanistic, and therapeutic. Identifying allergy as a pathogenic factor for OM could improve the management of OM patients. Vice versa, suspecting AR in OM patients, could be reasonable in selected patients. The current narrative review provides an overview of the evidence concerning the potential role of AR, and associated TH, in OM patients.
中耳炎（OM）是一种在婴儿中发病率很高的疾病；它给医疗资源带来了巨大负担，并对家庭的生活质量产生了重大影响。中耳炎与过敏性鼻炎（AR）之间的联系仍存在争议。然而，人们普遍认为 2 型炎症与鼻甲肥大（TH）的产生有关。有证据表明，TH 与中耳通气不良有关：这是一种促进 OM 的致病因素。因此，AR、TH 和 OM 之间可能存在恶性循环。
有一些最近的研究通过不同的方法探讨了这个问题，如流行病学、机制和治疗学。将过敏鉴定为 OM 的致病因素可以改善 OM 患者的管理。反之，如果怀疑 OM 患者存在 AR，在某些特定患者中可能是合理的。本综述概述了有关 AR 及其相关 TH 在 OM 患者中的潜在作用的证据。
