Mueller Marie A E, Flouri Eirini
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2021 Sep 16;12:712065. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712065. eCollection 2021.
Mental health and well-being in adolescence are associated with many short- and long-term outcomes. The evidence suggests that greenspace may play a role in adolescents' mental well-being, but we do not know much about the specifics of this link. In this paper, we investigated the role of other factors in the association. In a cross-sectional study, we investigated the role of neighbourhood greenspace in emotional and behavioural outcomes in 11-year-old urban adolescents participating in the UK Millennium Cohort Study ( = 4,534). We used linear regression models to test for an association of greenspace with self-esteem, happiness, positive mood, negative mood, and antisocial behaviour. We also investigated effect modification/moderation by garden access, physical activity, and perceived area safety. We did not find a main effect of greenspace, but we did find interaction effects. First, in adolescents without a garden, higher levels of greenspace were associated with lower levels of self-esteem and positive mood. Second, in adolescents who reported lower levels of physical activity, higher levels of greenspace were associated with lower levels of negative mood. Third, in adolescents who perceived their areas to be unsafe, higher levels of greenspace were associated with higher levels of antisocial behaviour. Our findings suggest that merely more greenspace in the neighbourhood may not be sufficient to promote the mental well-being of urban adolescents in the UK. However, greenspace does seem to have an influence under certain conditions which should be investigated further in future studies.
青少年的心理健康和幸福感与许多短期和长期结果相关。有证据表明，绿地空间可能对青少年的幸福感起到一定作用，但我们对这种联系的具体细节了解不多。在本文中，我们研究了其他因素在这种关联中的作用。在一项横断面研究中，我们调查了参与英国千禧队列研究的11岁城市青少年（n = 4534）中，邻里绿地空间在情绪和行为结果方面的作用。我们使用线性回归模型来检验绿地空间与自尊、幸福感、积极情绪、消极情绪和反社会行为之间的关联。我们还研究了花园使用情况、体育活动和感知到的区域安全性对效应的修正/调节作用。我们没有发现绿地空间的主效应，但确实发现了交互效应。首先，在没有花园的青少年中，绿地空间水平较高与自尊和积极情绪水平较低相关。其次，在报告体育活动水平较低的青少年中，绿地空间水平较高与消极情绪水平较低相关。第三，在认为自己所在区域不安全的青少年中，绿地空间水平较高与反社会行为水平较高相关。我们的研究结果表明，仅仅邻里有更多的绿地空间可能不足以促进英国城市青少年的心理健康。然而，绿地空间在某些条件下似乎确实有影响，未来的研究应进一步对此进行调查。
