Aloui Ghaith, Souhail Hermassi, Hayes Lawrence D, Bouhafs El Ghali, Chelly Mohamed Souhaiel, Schwesig René
Research Unit (UR17JS01) "Sport Performance, Health & Society", Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, University of La Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia.
Physical Education Department, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Front Psychol. 2021 Sep 15;12:714016. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.714016. eCollection 2021.
This project investigated adding 8 weeks of biweekly plyometric and short sprints training into standard training in elite youth soccer players. An experimental group (EG, = 18, age: 17.6 ± 0.6 years, body mass: 67.6 ± 5.8 kg, height: 1.75 ± 0.06 m, and body fat: 11.5 ± 1.6%) and control group (CG, = 18, age: 17.5 ± 0.6 years, body mass: 68.8 ± 3.6 kg, height: 1.77 ± 0.04 m, and body fat: 11.7 ± 1.2%) participated. Pre-intervention and post-intervention measures were squat-jump (SJ), countermovement-jump (CMJ), standing long jump (SLJ), 5 and 20 m sprints, change-of-direction ability (4 × 5 m sprint test [S 4 × 5 m] and sprint 9-3-6-3-9 m with backward and forward running [SBF]), repeated change of direction (RCOD), and static balance (the stork balance test). For all parameters, significant ( < 0.001, > 0.10) time and interaction (group × time) effects were observed. For three parameters (SBF, RCOD fastest time, and SLJ) no significant group effects were observed. The EG consistently showed a significantly higher performance level than the CG and a higher amount of effect sizes (EG: : 1.27-2.61; CG: : 0.13-0.79) as an indicator for the development of performance between pre-intervention and post-intervention measures. Adding biweekly plyometric and short sprint training to standard training improves the athletic performance of young soccer players. Such plyometric and short sprint training conditioning can be highly recommended as part of the annual short training program for male elite under-19 (U19) soccer players.
本项目研究了在精英青年足球运动员的标准训练中增加为期8周的双周增强式训练和短跑训练的效果。实验组（EG，n = 18，年龄：17.6±0.6岁，体重：67.6±5.8 kg，身高：1.75±0.06 m，体脂率：11.5±1.6%）和对照组（CG，n = 18，年龄：17.5±0.6岁，体重：68.8±3.6 kg，身高：1.77±0.04 m，体脂率：11.7±1.2%）参与了实验。干预前和干预后的测量指标包括深蹲跳（SJ）、反向移动跳（CMJ）、立定跳远（SLJ）、5米和20米短跑、变向能力（4×5米短跑测试[S 4×5 m]以及9-3-6-3-9米往返跑[SBF]）、重复变向（RCOD）和静态平衡（鹳式平衡测试）。对于所有参数，均观察到显著的（p < 0.001，η² > 0.10）时间效应和交互作用（组×时间）效应。对于三个参数（SBF、RCOD最快时间和SLJ），未观察到显著的组间效应。与对照组相比，实验组始终表现出显著更高的性能水平，且干预前和干预后测量指标之间的性能发展效应量（ES）更高（实验组：ES：1.27 - 2.61；对照组：ES：0.13 - 0.79）。在标准训练中增加双周增强式训练和短跑训练可提高年轻足球运动员的运动表现。作为男性精英19岁以下（U19）足球运动员年度短期训练计划的一部分，强烈推荐这种增强式训练和短跑训练。
