School of Regulation and Global Governance, Australian National University.
Health Justice Australia.
Milbank Q. 2021 Dec;99(4):904-927. doi: 10.1111/1468-0009.12539. Epub 2021 Oct 5.
Policy Points Health actors can use the law more strategically in the pursuit of health and equity by addressing governance challenges (e.g., fragmented and overlapping mandates between health and nonhealth institutions), employing a broader rights-based discourse in the public health policy process, and collaborating with the access to justice movement. Health justice partnerships provide a road map for implementing a sociolegal model of health to reduce health inequities by strengthening legal capacities for health among the health workforce and patients. This in turn will enable them to resolve health issues with legal solutions, to dismantle service silos, and to drive systemic policy and law reform.
In the field of public health, the law and legal systems remain a poorly understood and substantially underutilized tool to address unfair or unjust societal conditions underpinning health inequities. The aim of our article is to demonstrate the value of expanding from a social model of health to a sociolegal model of health and empowering health actors to use the law more strategically in the pursuit of health equity.
We propose a modified version of the framework for the social determinants of health (SDoH) equity developed by the 2008 World Health Organization Commission on the Social Determinants of Health by conceptually integrating the functions of the law as identified by the 2019 Lancet-O'Neill Institute Commission on Global Health and Law.
Access to justice provides a critical intersection between social models of public health and work in the justice fields. Addressing the inequities produced through the policies and institutions governing society unites the causes of those seeking to enhance access to justice and those seeking to reduce health inequities. Health justice partnerships (HJPs) are an example of a sociolegal model of health in action. Through the resolution of health issues with legal solutions at the individual level, the dismantling of service silos at the institutional level, and policy and law reform at the systemic level, HJPs demonstrate how the law can be used as a tool to reduce social and health inequities.
Greater attention to law as a tool for health creates space for increased collaboration among legal and health scholars, practitioners, and advocates, particularly those working in the areas of the social determinants of health and access to justice, and a promising avenue for reducing health inequities.
政策要点 健康行动者可以通过解决治理挑战（例如，卫生和非卫生机构之间的任务分散和重叠），在公共卫生政策过程中采用更广泛的基于权利的论述，并与诉诸司法运动合作，更具战略性地利用法律来追求健康和公平。健康正义伙伴关系为实施社会法律模式提供了路线图，通过加强卫生工作者和患者的健康法律能力，减少健康不平等。这反过来又使他们能够用法律办法解决健康问题，打破服务孤岛，并推动系统的政策和法律改革。
在公共卫生领域，法律和法律制度仍然是一个理解不足且严重利用不足的工具，无法解决造成健康不平等的不公平或不公正的社会条件。我们文章的目的是展示从健康社会模式扩展到社会法律健康模式的价值，并使健康行动者更具战略性地利用法律来追求健康公平。
我们通过概念上整合 2019 年柳叶刀-奥尼尔研究所全球卫生与法律委员会确定的法律职能，对 2008 年世界卫生组织社会决定因素健康公平委员会制定的社会决定因素健康（SDoH）公平框架提出了一个修改版本。
诉诸司法为公共卫生社会模式和司法领域工作之间提供了一个关键的交叉点。通过解决管理社会的政策和机构产生的不平等，可以团结那些寻求增强诉诸司法机会的人和那些寻求减少健康不平等的人的事业。健康正义伙伴关系（HJP）是社会法律健康模式的一个例子。通过在个人层面上用法律办法解决健康问题，在机构层面上打破服务孤岛，以及在系统层面上进行政策和法律改革，HJP 展示了如何将法律作为减少社会和健康不平等的工具。
更多地关注法律作为健康工具，可以为法律和健康学者、从业者和倡导者之间增加合作创造空间，特别是那些在社会决定因素和诉诸司法领域工作的人，这是减少健康不平等的一个有希望的途径。
