Frank Sarah, Lee Junsung, Lantz Jonas, Ebbers Tino, Shadden Shawn C
Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Front Physiol. 2021 Sep 22;12:725104. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.725104. eCollection 2021.
Recent studies have correlated kinetic energy (KE) and viscous dissipation rate (VDR) in the left ventricle (LV) with heart health. These studies have relied on 4D-flow imaging or computational fluid dynamics modeling, which are able to measure, or compute, all 3 components (3C) of the blood flow velocity in 3 dimensional (3D) space. This richness of data is difficult to acquire clinically. Alternatively, color Doppler echocardiography (CDE) is more widespread clinically, but only measures a single radial component of velocity and typically only over a planar section. Because of this limitation, prior CDE-based studies have first reconstructed a second component of velocity in the measurement plane prior to evaluating VDR or KE. Herein, we propose 1C-based surrogates of KE and VDR that can be derived directly from the radial component of the flow velocity in the LV. Our results demonstrate that the proposed 1C-based surrogates of KE and VDR are generally as well-correlated with the true KE and VDR values as surrogates that use reconstructed 2C flow data. Moreover, the correlation of these 1C-based surrogates with the true values indicate that CDE (3D in particular) may be useful in evaluating these metrics in practice.
最近的研究已将左心室（LV）中的动能（KE）和粘性耗散率（VDR）与心脏健康关联起来。这些研究依赖于四维流成像或计算流体动力学建模，它们能够测量或计算三维（3D）空间中血流速度的所有三个分量（3C）。这种丰富的数据在临床上很难获取。另外，彩色多普勒超声心动图（CDE）在临床上更为普及，但它仅测量速度的单个径向分量，并且通常仅在一个平面截面进行测量。由于这一局限性，先前基于CDE的研究在评估VDR或KE之前，首先在测量平面中重建速度的第二个分量。在此，我们提出基于单分量（1C）的KE和VDR替代指标，它们可以直接从LV中血流速度的径向分量得出。我们的结果表明，所提出的基于1C的KE和VDR替代指标通常与使用重建的双分量（2C）血流数据的替代指标一样，与真实的KE和VDR值具有良好的相关性。此外，这些基于1C的替代指标与真实值之间的相关性表明，CDE（特别是三维CDE）在实际评估这些指标时可能是有用的。
