Department of Communication Sciences and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Education and Humanities, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110107, Ecuador.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 27;18(19):10139. doi: 10.3390/ijerph181910139.
Journalist's mental health could predict their job change. This study aims at determining the prevalence of mental health issues and their association with perception of aptitude for covering emergencies and difficulty in seeing a corpse, and also to determine the mental health factors associated with job change. An ad hoc survey, GHQ-28 (Somatization, Anxiety-Insomnia, Social Dysfunction, Depression), MBI-P (Burnout, Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, personal accomplishment) and Brief scale to diagnose Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Suicide Risk were applied to 196 journalists (female = 51.6%). Descriptive analysis, correlations (Pearson and Spearman), T-test and binary logistic regression were performed. It was found that one third part of journalists perceive themselves as having low aptitude to cover emergencies and difficulty in seeing a corpse, 17.3% would consider changing jobs and 42.1% could only access free mental health services. The most frequent mental health problems are: low personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion and post-traumatic stress disorder (11.2 to 17.3%). People who want to change jobs present more: social dysfunction, depression, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, low personal accomplishment, post-traumatic stress disorder and suicide risk. The two mental health factors associated with desire of changing jobs are high emotional exhaustion, and low personal accomplishment. These results guide the psychosocial risk prevention processes for journalists, as well as the training needs that universities could consider to protect the mental health of this vulnerable group.
记者的心理健康状况可能预示着他们的工作变动。本研究旨在确定心理健康问题的患病率及其与应对突发事件和观看尸体能力的感知、职业倦怠的关系，并确定与工作变动相关的心理健康因素。对 196 名记者（女性=51.6%）进行了专门调查，采用 GHQ-28（躯体化、焦虑-失眠、社会功能障碍、抑郁）、MBI-P（职业倦怠、情绪衰竭、去人性化、个人成就感）和简短量表来诊断创伤后应激障碍和自杀风险。进行了描述性分析、相关性（Pearson 和 Spearman）、t 检验和二元逻辑回归。结果发现，三分之一的记者认为自己应对突发事件和观看尸体的能力较低，17.3%的人会考虑换工作，42.1%的人只能获得免费的心理健康服务。最常见的心理健康问题是：个人成就感低、情绪衰竭和创伤后应激障碍（11.2%至 17.3%）。想要换工作的人会出现更多的问题：社会功能障碍、抑郁、情绪衰竭、去人性化、个人成就感低、创伤后应激障碍和自杀风险。与换工作愿望相关的两个心理健康因素是情绪衰竭高和个人成就感低。这些结果为记者的社会心理风险预防过程提供了指导，同时也为大学考虑保护这一弱势群体的心理健康提供了培训需求。
