Stampfli Martha, Frei Remo, Divaret-Chauveau Amandine, Schmausser-Hechfellner Elisabeth, Karvonen Anne M, Pekkanen Juha, Riedler Josef, Schaub Bianca, von Mutius Erika, Lauener Roger, Roduit Caroline
Department of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2022 Jan;128(1):39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.10.005. Epub 2021 Oct 12.
The influence of diet in early childhood on later allergic diseases is currently a highly debated research topic. We and others have suggested that an increased diet diversity in the first year of life has a protective effect on the development of allergic diseases.
This follow-up study aimed to investigate associations between diet in the second year of life and later allergic diseases.
A total of 1014 children from rural areas in 5 European countries (the Protection against Allergy: Study in Rural Environments or PASTURE birth cohort) were included. Information on feeding practices in their second year of life and allergic diseases were collected up to age 6 years. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed with different models considering reverse causality, such as excluding children with a positive sensitization to egg and those with a positive sensitization to cow's milk at the age of 1 year.
An increased food diversity score during the second year of life was negatively associated with the development of asthma. Consumption of dairy products and eggs in the second year of life found an inverse association with reported allergic outcomes. Consumption of butter was strongly associated with protection against asthma and food sensitization. Egg was inversely associated with atopic dermatitis (odds ratio [OR], 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04-0.77). Yogurt and cow's milk were inversely associated with food allergy (OR for yogurt, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01-0.55; OR for cow's milk, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.11-0.89).
Increased food diversity in the second year of life is inversely associated with the development of asthma, and consumption of dairy products might have a protective effect on allergic diseases.
幼儿期饮食对后期过敏性疾病的影响是当前一个备受争议的研究课题。我们及其他研究人员曾提出，生命第一年饮食多样性的增加对过敏性疾病的发展具有保护作用。
这项随访研究旨在调查生命第二年的饮食与后期过敏性疾病之间的关联。
纳入了来自5个欧洲国家农村地区的1014名儿童（预防过敏：农村环境研究或PASTURE出生队列）。收集了他们生命第二年的喂养方式信息以及6岁前的过敏性疾病信息。采用不同模型进行多变量逻辑回归分析，以考虑反向因果关系，例如排除1岁时对鸡蛋过敏呈阳性和对牛奶过敏呈阳性的儿童。
生命第二年食物多样性得分的增加与哮喘的发生呈负相关。生命第二年食用乳制品和鸡蛋与报告的过敏结果呈负相关。食用黄油与预防哮喘和食物过敏密切相关。鸡蛋与特应性皮炎呈负相关（优势比[OR]，0.17；95%置信区间[CI]，0.04 - 0.77）。酸奶和牛奶与食物过敏呈负相关（酸奶的OR为0.05；95%CI，0.01 - 0.55；牛奶的OR为0.31；95%CI，0.11 - 0.89）。
生命第二年食物多样性的增加与哮喘的发生呈负相关，食用乳制品可能对过敏性疾病具有保护作用。
