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虾青素通过激活核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2 抑制 microRNA-21 从而减轻高脂饮食喂养大鼠的肝脂肪变性。

Astaxanthin attenuates hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed rats by suppressing microRNA-21 via transactivation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2.

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Cardiology Section, College of Medicine, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

J Physiol Biochem. 2022 Feb;78(1):151-168. doi: 10.1007/s13105-021-00850-9. Epub 2021 Oct 15.

Abstract

This study examined whether astaxanthin (ASX) could alleviate hepatic steatosis in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) by modulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/miR-21 axis. Rats (n = 8/group) were fed either a standard diet (3.8 kcal/g; 10% fat) or HFD (4.6 kcal/g; 40% fat) and treated orally with either the vehicle or ASX (6 mg/kg) daily for 8 days. Another group was fed HFD and treated with ASX and brusatol (an Nrf2 inhibitor) (2 mg/kg/twice per week/i.p.). ASX prevented the gain in body and liver weights and attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation in HFD-fed rats. In the control and HFD-fed rats, ASX did not affect food intake, serum free fatty acid (FFA) content, and glucose and insulin levels and tolerance. However, serum triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels; hepatic levels of TGs and FFAs; and hepatic levels of Srebp1, Srebp2, HMGCR, and fatty acid synthase mRNAs and miR-21 were reduced and the mRNA levels of Pparα were significantly increased in both the groups. These effects were associated with a reduction in the hepatic levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interlukin-6 as well as an increase in superoxide dismutase levels, total glutathione content, and nuclear levels and activity of Nrf2. miR-21 levels were strongly correlated with the nuclear activity of Nrf2. Brusatol completely reversed the effects of ASX. In conclusion, ASX prevents hepatic steatosis mainly by transactivating Nrf2 and is associated with the suppression of miR-21 and Srebp1/2 and upregulation of Pparα expression.

摘要

本研究旨在通过调节核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2(Nrf2)/miR-21 轴,探讨虾青素(ASX)是否可以缓解高脂饮食(HFD)喂养大鼠的肝脂肪变性。大鼠(n=8/组)分别喂食标准饮食(3.8 千卡/g;10%脂肪)或 HFD(4.6 千卡/g;40%脂肪),并每日口服给予载体或 ASX(6mg/kg)治疗 8 天。另一组大鼠喂食 HFD,并给予 ASX 和布瑞他汀(Nrf2 抑制剂)(2mg/kg/每周两次,腹腔注射)治疗。ASX 可防止 HFD 喂养大鼠体重和肝重增加,并减轻肝脂质堆积。在对照组和 HFD 喂养组大鼠中,ASX 不影响食物摄入、血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)含量以及血糖和胰岛素水平及耐量。然而,血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平;肝 TG 和 FFA 水平;以及 Srebp1、Srebp2、HMGCR 和脂肪酸合成酶 mRNA 和 miR-21 水平降低,两组 Pparα mRNA 水平显著升高。这些作用与肝内活性氧、丙二醛、肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6 水平降低以及超氧化物歧化酶水平、总谷胱甘肽含量和核内 Nrf2 水平和活性增加有关。miR-21 水平与 Nrf2 的核活性密切相关。布瑞他汀完全逆转了 ASX 的作用。总之,ASX 主要通过反式激活 Nrf2 来预防肝脂肪变性,与抑制 miR-21 和 Srebp1/2 以及上调 Pparα 表达有关。

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