Kladny Bernd
m&i Fachklinik Herzogenaurach, In der Reuth 1, 91074, Erlangen, Deutschland.
Orthopade. 2021 Nov;50(11):894-899. doi: 10.1007/s00132-021-04175-9. Epub 2021 Oct 15.
Total knee replacement requires follow-up treatment. This can take place on an outpatient basis as part of health insurance coverage, but also as outpatient or inpatient rehabilitation.
Outpatient rehabilitation provides comparable results to inpatient rehabilitation, but only for those patients who are suitable for outpatient rehabilitation. Inpatient rehabilitation should be indicated depending on general health status, general physical fitness, housing situation, accessibility of rehabilitation facilities and possibilities of social support in the home environment, as well as age and comorbidities. Physiotherapeutic procedures should focus on exercise therapy. Passive reactive measures complement the therapy. For patients of working age, the activity profile should be considered as part of the rehabilitation process. Patient education, with information on prosthesis-appropriate behavior, represents an important component in follow-up treatment.
Demographic change requires increasing consideration of orthogeriatric aspects. Fast-track programs will not make follow-up treatment superfluous, but with accelerated processes they represent a new challenge for sectoral cooperation.
全膝关节置换术后需要进行后续治疗。这可以作为医疗保险覆盖范围的一部分在门诊进行，也可以作为门诊或住院康复治疗。
门诊康复对于适合门诊康复的患者可提供与住院康复相当的效果。住院康复应根据患者的一般健康状况、总体身体素质、居住情况、康复设施的可及性、家庭环境中的社会支持可能性以及年龄和合并症来确定。物理治疗程序应侧重于运动疗法。被动反应性措施辅助治疗。对于工作年龄的患者，活动情况应作为康复过程的一部分加以考虑。患者教育，包括有关假体适配行为的信息，是后续治疗的重要组成部分。
人口结构变化要求更多地考虑老年骨科方面的问题。快速康复计划不会使后续治疗变得多余，但随着流程的加速，它们对部门间合作构成了新的挑战。
