Department of Radiation Disaster Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2021 Dec;36(6):684-690. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X21001035. Epub 2021 Oct 18.
Different disaster activities should be performed smoothly. In relation to this, human resources for disaster activities must be secured. To achieve a stable supply of human resources, it is essential to improve the intentions of individuals responding to each type of disaster. However, the current intention of Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) members has not yet been assessed.
To facilitate a smooth disaster response, this survey aimed to assess the intention to engage in each type of disaster activity among DMAT members.
An anonymous web questionnaire survey was conducted. Japanese DMAT members in the nuclear disaster-affected area (Group A; n = 79) and the non-affected area (Group N; n = 99) were included in the analysis. The outcome was the answer to the following question: "Will you actively engage in activities during natural, human-made, and chemical (C), biological (B), radiological/nuclear (R/N), and explosive (E) (CBRNE) disasters?" Then, questionnaire responses were compared according to disaster type.
The intention to engage in C (50), B (47), R/N (58), and E (52) disasters was significantly lower than that in natural (82) and human-made (82) disasters (P <.001). The intention to engage in CBRNE disasters among younger participants (age ≤39 years) was significantly higher in Group A than in Group N. By contrast, the intention to engage in R/N disasters alone among older participants (age ≥40 years) was higher in Group A than in Group N. However, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of intention to engage in C, B, and E disasters. Moreover, the intention to engage in all disasters between younger and older participants in Group A did not differ. In Group N, older participants had a significantly higher intention to engage in B and R/N disasters.
Experience with a specific type of calamity at a young age may improve intention to engage in not only disasters encountered, but also other types. In addition, the intention to engage in CBRNE disasters improved with age in the non-experienced population. To respond smoothly to specific disasters in the future, measures must be taken to improve the intention to engage in CBRNE disasters among DMAT members.
不同的灾害活动应顺利进行。为此，必须确保灾害活动所需的人力资源。为了稳定供应人力资源，必须提高个人对每种灾害的反应意图。然而，目前还没有评估灾害医疗救援队伍（DMAT）成员的意图。
为了顺利进行灾害应对，本调查旨在评估 DMAT 成员参与每种灾害活动的意图。
进行了匿名网络问卷调查。分析了核灾难受灾地区（A 组；n=79）和非受灾地区（N 组；n=99）的日本 DMAT 成员。结果是对以下问题的回答：“您是否会积极参与自然、人为、化学（C）、生物（B）、放射性/核（R/N）和爆炸（E）（CBRNE）灾害期间的活动？”然后，根据灾害类型比较问卷回答。
参与 C（50）、B（47）、R/N（58）和 E（52）灾害的意图明显低于自然（82）和人为（82）灾害（P<.001）。年轻参与者（≤39 岁）参与 CBRNE 灾害的意图在 A 组中明显高于 N 组。相比之下，年龄较大的参与者（≥40 岁）仅在 A 组中参与 R/N 灾害的意图更高。然而，两组在参与 C、B 和 E 灾害的意图方面没有差异。此外，A 组中年轻和年长参与者参与所有灾害的意图没有差异。在 N 组中，年龄较大的参与者参与 B 和 R/N 灾害的意图明显更高。
年轻时经历特定类型的灾难可能会提高不仅参与所遇到的灾难的意图，还会提高参与其他类型灾难的意图。此外，在未经历过的人群中，随着年龄的增长，参与 CBRNE 灾害的意图会提高。为了未来顺利应对特定灾害，必须采取措施提高 DMAT 成员参与 CBRNE 灾害的意图。
