Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2021 Nov 1;49(5):2199-2210. doi: 10.1042/BST20210272.
The pathway of mitochondrial-specific autophagy (mitophagy, defined here as the specific elimination of mitochondria following distinct mitochondrial injuries or developmental/metabolic alterations) is important in health and disease. This review will be focussed on the earliest steps of the pathway concerning the mechanisms and requirements for initiating autophagosome formation on a mitochondrial target. More specifically, and in view of the fact that we understand the basic mechanism of non-selective autophagy and are beginning to reshape this knowledge towards the pathways of selective autophagy, two aspects of mitophagy will be covered: (i) How does a machinery normally working in association with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to make an autophagosome can also do so at a site distinct from the ER such as on the surface of the targeted cargo? and (ii) how does the machinery deal with cargo of multiple sizes?
线粒体特异性自噬（mitophagy，这里定义为在特定的线粒体损伤或发育/代谢改变后，线粒体的特异性消除）途径在健康和疾病中很重要。本综述将集中讨论该途径的早期步骤，涉及启动针对线粒体靶标的自噬体形成的机制和要求。更具体地说，鉴于我们已经了解了非选择性自噬的基本机制，并开始将这方面的知识重塑为选择性自噬途径，本文将涵盖 mitophagy 的两个方面：（i）正常与内质网（ER）结合以形成自噬体的机制如何也能在 ER 之外的特定部位（如靶向货物的表面）发挥作用？（ii）该机制如何处理不同大小的货物？
