Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France.
Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France.
EBioMedicine. 2021 Nov;73:103637. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103637. Epub 2021 Oct 19.
The dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 alpha variant shedding and immune responses at the nasal mucosa remain poorly characterised.
We measured infectious viral release, antibodies and cytokines in 426 PCR+ nasopharyngeal swabs from individuals harboring non-alpha or alpha variants.
With both lineages, viral titers were variable, ranging from 0 to >10 infectious units. Rapid antigenic diagnostic tests were positive in 94% of samples with infectious virus. 68 % of individuals carried infectious virus within two days after onset of symptoms. This proportion decreased overtime. Viable virus was detected up to 14 days. Samples containing anti-spike IgG or IgA did not generally harbor infectious virus. Ct values were slightly but not significantly lower with alpha. This variant was characterized by a fast decrease of infectivity overtime and a marked release of 13 cytokines (including IFN-b, IP-10 and IL-10).
The alpha variant displays modified viral decay and cytokine profiles at the nasopharyngeal mucosae during symptomatic infection.
This retrospective study has been funded by Institut Pasteur, ANRS, Vaccine Research Institute, Labex IBEID, ANR/FRM and IDISCOVR, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale.
SARS-CoV-2 的 alpha 变体在鼻腔黏膜上的脱落和免疫反应动力学仍未得到充分描述。
我们测量了 426 份来自携带非 alpha 或 alpha 变体个体的鼻咽拭子中的感染性病毒释放、抗体和细胞因子。
对于两种谱系，病毒滴度均有差异，范围从 0 到>10 感染单位。具有传染性病毒的样本中，快速抗原诊断测试的阳性率为 94%。68%的个体在症状出现后两天内携带传染性病毒。这个比例随着时间的推移而下降。存活的病毒可检测到 14 天。含有抗刺突 IgG 或 IgA 的样本通常不携带传染性病毒。Ct 值略低，但与 alpha 相比无显著差异。该变体的特点是传染性随时间的快速下降和 13 种细胞因子（包括 IFN-b、IP-10 和 IL-10）的大量释放。
在有症状感染期间，alpha 变体在鼻咽黏膜上显示出改变的病毒衰减和细胞因子特征。
这项回顾性研究由巴斯德研究所、法国国家艾滋病研究署、疫苗研究所、IBEID 实验室、ANR/FRM 和 IDISCOVR、法国医学研究基金会资助。
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